In electron spectroscopy a wide variety of methods using the dispersive properties of both magnetic and electric fields are applied to analyse the energies of charged particles moving in a longitudinal magnetic field. Retarding potential analysers where a uniform magnetic field is used, however, possess a disadvantage: an integral characteristic (retarding curve) must be differentiated in order to determine the energy spectrum. In analysers with a non-uniform magnetic field (which is increased or decreased in the retarding region), electrons are analysed by both the longitudinal and total components of electron velocity. The method of using a Wien filter with non-uniform transverse fields, immersed in a weak longitudinal magnetic field, has also been reported. A complicated system of magnetic field formation of these analysers is coupled with restrictions on the magnetic field alteration rate. Trochoidal electron monochromators (TEMs) have a favourable advantage-principle simplicity-enabling low-energy electron beams to be obtained. Since being created, the TEM has been used in a series of studies of electron scattering by atoms and molecules and solid surfaces. The monochromator theory has been considered in detail in the literature where the principal parameters of the TEM were calculated. Here we consider the influence of transverse potential drop at the entrance slit and suggest the minimization of beam distortion at the exit by means of the proper choice of non-uniform transverse electric field parameters.

A new statistical method for systematizing the nuclei fission fragments, investigation of their mass and charge spectra and neutron fission parameters has been suggested. In proposed method, the mass and charge yields of nucleons are determined from the equilibrium conditions of the nuclear fragments post-fission ensemble. Here we consider protons and neutrons of different fragments as statistically non-equivalent. The abilities of the proposed statistical method for explanation of the U, Pa, Th, Ac and Ra post-fission fragments ordering and neutron emission function calculation have been demonstrated.

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The results of the formation and study of the parameters of the electronic accelerator microtron M-30 are presented. The absorbed dose and spatial-energy distribution of the density of the beam in the area of the opinion are installed, which is important for protocols of radiation tests of various materials and devices. Several variants of the radiation formation, as well as the spatial distribution of radiation density are considered. For the homogeneity of radiation investigation, a commercial glass is used as a recording medium. The analytical dependence of radiation dose from the distance to the output node M-30, the control of the energy of accelerated electrons is carried out using an aluminum and glass absorber. Control of the accelerator parameters is carried out remotely from the control panel with the help of the developed «Virtual Remote» program.