Bali cattle is one important native cattle breeds of Indonesia which are contributing to the development of livestock and devote meat production. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic profiles using of mtDNA D-loop method in Breeding centers Bali cattle which consist BPTU Pulukan (Bali), BPTHMT Serading (West Nusa Tenggara) and VBC Barru district (South Sulawesi). The complete D-loop sequences, 1145bp in length, 48 individual sample from three breeding centers (24 males and 24 females) were analyzed. mtDNA D-loop amplification were performed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The Molecular data of the D-loop mtDNA sequences were aligned and analyzed with reference (Bos indicus and Bos taurus) from GenBank using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) and MEGA version 5.0 software. The analyzedsequences length of the D-loop mtDNA was performed on 410 bp. The result of the mtDNA D-loop showed that there were 84 site varation were 2 site deletion, 8 site insertion and 74 site substitution of mtDNA D-loop Bali cattle. The nucleotide sequences of Bali cattle had a common Bali cattle in BPTU to BPTHMT with genetic distance more closely than the Bali cattle of VBC. It can be concluded that D-loop mtDNA could be used as potential candidate marker to differentiate and grouping in breeding centers of Bali cattle.
Singing chicken is germplasm, genetic resources, indigenous chicken in Indonesia and be known of their unique, exclusive, superiority of singing style with long-melodious rhythm, and different crowing style-tone-tempo comparing with other singing chickens breeds in the world. Some crowing character information was needed to optimize conservation and utilization strategies. The aim of the study was to compare crowing duration and number crowing syllables four singing chicken breeds in Indonesia (Bekisar, Kokok Balenggek, Pelung and Gaga’). This research used 532 birds Gaga’ chicken from Sidrap, Barru and Maros Districts, South-Sulawesi province, Indonesia. They were separated based on crowing speed into Slow-group (234 birds) and Dangdut-group (298 birds). Then, Dangdut-group has separated again, based on total number crowing syllables, into Long-Dangdut-type (51 birds) and Short-Dangdut-type (247 birds). All crowing sounds were recorded and computerizing digitalized using Cool Edit Pro. Software to visualized bioacoustic character as a wave form then data interpreting for analyzing mean and standard deviation. Average crowing durations of Pelung, Kokok Balenggek, Bekisar and Gaga’ chicken (Short-Dangdut-type and Slow-group) were 2.0 to 10.0 sec. Dangdut-Long-type was the longest crowing duration (30.5 sec) and the highest number syllables (140.92). Average number syllables of Pelung (3 sec), Kokok Balenggek (3 to 12 sec) and Bekisar (2 sec) chicken were less than Gaga’ chicken (Dangdut-Long-type: 140.9 sec, Dangdut-Short-type: 20.9 sec and Slow group: 8.2 sec). Each singing chicken breed in Indonesia have uniqueness and differences crowing character. A crowing character such as crowing duration and number of syllable could be identified as one of basic selection to promote and to maintain conservation of singing chicken as germplasm of Indonesia.
This study aims to determine the qualitative characteristics of Gaga chickens in Baranti and Pancarijang District, Sidrap Regency. A total of 170 adult Gaga chickens (115 male and 55 female) were used as samples, which were taken by purposive sampling. Qualitative traits observed were feather color, feather color pattern, feather flicker, shank color, comb shape, lobe and eye color. Data were then tabulated based on sex and analyzed statistically descriptive. The results showed that the qualitative trait phenotypes in males and females were dominated by the color feathers in the color category (ii) and recessive in the white color category (I_). The qualitative traits of the male Gaga chicken feather pattern are predominantly wild feather patterns (e+), whereas in females are dominated by black feather patterns (E_). The shape of the single comb and red lobe color is dominant in the Gaga chicken found in Baranti and Pancarijang. While eye color and shank color have phenotypic frequencies that are still very diverse.
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