The use of cryopreserved testicular sperm does not negatively influence the ongoing pregnancy and live birth rate after TESE-ICSI. However, sperm motility seems to increase the pregnancy rate through its influence on embryo quality. Therefore, fresh TESE has no added value when there is still cryopreserved testicular sperm available. Motile sperm is preferred for injection, but the use of tail touch sperm results in an acceptable treatment outcome.

The authors report no financial or other conflict of interest relevant to the subject of this article.

After a follow-up of three years a positive post-coital test is still associated with a higher spontaneous and a higher overall ongoing pregnancy rate, even in couples with severe male factor infertility.

N/A.