These data demonstrate that TMP/SMX prophylaxis (160/800 mg) three times per week is effective prophylaxis after orthotopic cardiac transplantation and has prophylactic benefits against other posttransplantation opportunistic pathogens.

Between March 1965 and December 31, 1982, 421 kidney transplantations were performed in our department. The over-all incidence of ureteral stenosis was 5.5 per cent. However, when the number of patients at risk at various times after transplantation was considered the probability for ureteral stenosis to develop was 4.6 per cent at 1 year, 7.7 per cent at 2 years and 9.7 per cent at 5 years. Preoperative and postoperative complications were frequent. The wound infection rate was 21.9 per cent and 2 of the 24 patients died of septic shock. Graft survival rate after definitive surgical correction of ureteral stenosis was 71 per cent at 1 and 2 years, and 65 per cent at 3 years. Late results justify the efforts to re-establish correct urinary drainage of the graft.

An international project was set up to study the clinical usefulness of intrarenal transit times derived from the renogram by deconvolution. A common data sheet, to collect clinical, biochemical, radiological and isotopic information, was completed by the centres. Five hundred and ninety-one patients were studied and the results analysed. The mean transit time (MTT) in normal kidneys was found to be 3.6 +/- 1.1 min. If the MTT is greater than 7.6 min, a kidney is likely to be obstructed. In vesico-ureteric reflux, the transit times are prolonged, but they are normal in infection, hypertension, parenchymal disease and minimally irradiated kidneys. In transplantation, when the kidney is normal, the transit times are shorter than in the natural kidney; in acute rejection, transit time are prolonged.

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