The adsorption of benzene molecules on Si͑100͒ is investigated by high-resolution core-level photoelectron spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation as well as ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy ͑UPS͒ for valence bands. The C 1s photoelectron spectra of benzene adsorbates are found to consist of two different components, which represent carbon atoms with or without a direct Si-C bond. The population ratio of these two components exhibits a drastic change upon increasing the molecular coverage. This is explained by the coveragedependent change of the adsorbate structure, which is corroborated by the noticeable variation of the molecular orbitals in the valence bands as observed by UPS. From these results, it is deduced that the population of the distructure increases significantly at a high coverage over the tetra-structure which is energetically favored at a low coverage. This indicates the importance of the interaction between the adsorbate molecules at a high coverage.
To prevent catastrophic failure by propagating highly localized shear bands and to overcome the limited dimension of metallic glass, centimeter-scale Ni 59 Zr 20 Ti 16 Si 2 Sn 3 bulk metallic glass matrix composites were fabricated by warm extrusion of a mixture of gas-atomized fully amorphous powders and ductile brass powders. After consolidation, the composite retained the fully amorphous matrix found in the gas-atomized powder combined with the brass second phase. The glass-transition and crystallization temperatures of the extruded material were the same as those of the starting powders. The confined ductile brass phase enabled the bulk metallic glass matrix composites to deform plastically under uniaxial compression at room temperature. The combination of strength and ductility in the inherently brittle Ni-based monolithic materials could be obtained by introducing a ductile phase in the bulk metallic glass matrix. However, control of the volume fraction and distribution of the ductile brass phase was important for the proper combination of the strength and plasticity.
The objective of this study was to compare aortic (the common carotid to femoral artery) PWV, arm (the brachial to radial artery) PWV, and leg (the femoral to dorsalis pedis artery) PWV in people with or without component of the metabolic syndrome. We analyzed 3345 Korean subjects (1907 men, age 44.6 ± 8.5, 1438 women, age 43.3 ± 8.9). Unpaired t-test was used to compare mean values of various metabolic parameters between subjects with and without Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), and one-way analysis of variance was used to compare these variables among groups satisfying different numbers of the components of MetS. In addition, we compared of Pearson correlation coefficient between age and PWV (arotic PWV, arm PWV and leg PWV) levels of according to whether the subject had components of the metabolic syndrome or not. The present study shows that leg PWV level was found to be significantly associated with the features of the metabolic syndrome in Korean men and women. And, we confirmed that blood pressure is significantly associated with the PWV values at three locations. And, this study shows that Pearson correlation coefficient of arotic PWV and leg PWV were about 10% higher than without diabetes according to age. Further studies need to be performed to evaluate the optimal cut-off value of PWV for diabetes, hypertension, and MetS in Korean.
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We developed wearable EDA sensor gloves using conducting fabric and embedded system. EDA(Electro-dermal Activity) signal is an electric response on the skin of the human body. There are SCL(Skin Conductance Level) and SCR(Skin Conductance Response) in EDA. Mostly, SCL consists of DC elements. On the other hand, SCR consists of AC elements. We use the relationship between the drowsiness condition and EDA signal We made EDA sensors using conducting fabric instead of Agcl electrode for a more suitable wearable device. And we used an embedded system for EDA signal acquisition and processing instead of a personal computer, which is connected to the EDA sensor gloves through conducting fabric lines. Also, the embedded system is linked to a Notebook PC that shows the results of EDA signal processing analysis and gives proper feedback to the user. This system, for example, can be used in detecting and preventing drowsiness driving accidents for automobile drivers.
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