The industrial enterprise for the extraction of polymetallic ores Vilnohirskyi Mining and Metallurgical Integrated Works (MMIW) has assumed the responsibility for the removal and sewage treatment of industrial and communal significance. An essential part of the total wastewater discharge enters into the Samotkan river from the largest waste dump called as Skazhena ravine. Sludge setting tank in Skazhena ravine is located on the left bank of the Samotkan river. Kamianske reservoir is a receiving water of debalance wastewater of the plant according to the current permit for special water use, issued for the Vilnohirskyi MMIW. The discharge of waste water from the storage tank into the Skazhena ravine is carried out in the sanitary protection zone of Verkhniodniprovskyi and Aulskyi water intakes. The site of the water object, which is the release of wastewater from the reservoir in the Skazhena ravine is located within the boundaries of the settlement of the city of Verkhniodniprovsk. The tail farm in the Skazhena ravine is a place of waste depository, which are formed at the enriching plant in the process of developing the Malyshevskyi deposit of polymetallic ores. The chemical composition of the Samotkan river is formed under the influence of surface runoff and groundwater runoff , a drainage inflow from the Kamianske reservoir, evaporation of water from swamps, bodies of water, and discharges from the sludge setting tanks (reservoirs) of the Vilnohirskyi MMIW. Comparison of the calculation data of complex pollution with established by means fishery maximum permissible concentrations showed that the water of the Dnipro river at the place of its sampling in the Verkhniodniprovskyi water intake was estimated as "moderately polluted". But, taking into account the requirements for communal needs, water is characterized as "pure". The concentration of substances in the return water does not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations in the conditions of communal use of the water object. Changing the channel of the Samotkan river, transformation of several beams into slime tanks, and dumping the quarry waters in Kamianske water storage is a challenge for urgent search of the optimal technologies for solving these problems.
The physical and chemical properties of the phytomeliorated overburden rocks of the Pokrov land reclamation station of the Nikopol manganese ore deposit and two types of technogenic substrates were studied: loess-like loam, red-brown clay, grey-green clay, dark-grey schist clay and black soils placed on layers of sand and loess-like loam. Samples were taken from each type of technosol at a depth of 10-20 cm (plough layer) and 20-40 cm (sub-plough layer). Identification of the suitability of these technosols for growing crops was carried out by phytotest method. It was revealed that the main clay mineral of dark-grey schist and red-brown clays is the illite. Grey-green clay predominantly consists of montmorillonite, and in loess-like loam and black soil, the content of kaolinite, illite and montmorillonite is more or less the same. The maximal hygroscopicity level was observed in grey-green clay (20.5%). The minimal level was fixed in red-brown clay (7.6%). Phytomeliorated mining rocks are weakly humus; the humus content in them does not exceed 1.25%. Technogenic substrates contain 2.5-3.3% of humus and belong to low-humus soils. All studied technosols belong to slightly alkaline substrates in which the pH varies from 7.34 to 7.86 in the plough layer and from 6.6 to 7.91 in the sub-plough layer. In two of the investigated mining rocks (grey-green and dark-grey schist clays), weak sulfate-chloride salinity was observed. In grey-green clay, the concentration of soluble salts was increased both in plough layer (0.214%) and in the sub-plough layer (0.202%). In the dark-grey schist clay, salinity was observed only in the sub-plough layer, but it was stronger than in the grey-green clay (0.281%). The concentration of chlorides and sulfates in these technosols exceeded the toxicity threshold by 7-8 and 1.5-1.7 times, respectively. The sub-plough layer of dark-grey schist clay and both layers of grey-green clay are phytotoxic. The inhibitory action on the growth and development of plants is caused by the cumulative effect of a soil acid-base imbalance, salinity and low fertility of these technosols. Cultivation of agricultural plants on them is expedient and economically justified only under the condition of carrying out a number of meliorative measures aimed at improving the physical and chemical properties of these substrates.
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