Physics of failure approaches have spread acceptance by most within the Electronic Rel~a~ility Community. These methodologies involve identifying root cause failure mechanisms, developing associated models, and utilizing these models to improve time to market, lower development and build costs and higher reliability.The methodology outlined herein sets forth a process, based on integration of both physics and engineering principles, for achieving the same goals. The proposed methodology is consistent with a "pure" physics of failure methodology, but it has the distinct advantage of not being "dead-in-the-water" if failure physics models do not exist. It also goes a long way to overcoming the age old axiom that "typically the things that fail are not the things that were analyzed, evaluated, etc. but rather the things that were assumed to not to be a problem". It outlines a methodology for integrating all available data, at various data quality levels, to make the best possible decisions.The key components are: 1) existing
& CONCLUSIONS NASA Code Q is supporting efforts to improve the verification and validation and the risk management processes for spaceflight projects.A physics-of-failure based Defect Detection and Prevention (DDP) methodology previously developed has been integrated into a software tool and is currently being implemented on various NASA projects and as part of NASA's new model-based spacecraft development environment.The DDP methodology begins with prioritizing the risks (or FMs) relevant to a mission which need to be addressed. These risks can be reduced through the implementation of a set of detection and prevention activities-referred to herein as "PACTs (see Definitions). Each of these PACTs has some effectiveness against one or more FMs but also has an associated resource cost. The FMs can be weighted according to their likelihood of occurrence and their mission impact should they occur.The net effectiveness of various combinations of PACTs can then be evaluated against these weighted FMs to obtain the residual risk for each of these FMs and the associated resource costs to achieve these risk levels. The process thus identifies the project-relevant "tall pole" FMs and design drivers and allows real time tailoring with the evolution of the design and technology content. The DDP methodology allows risk management in its truest sense: it identifies and assesses risk, provides options and tools for risk decision making and mitigation and allows for real-time tracking of current risk status.
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