Using a random sample of first-time mothers from an inner London borough, the relationship was examined between maternal depression and child behaviour problems at various stages after the birth of the child. Child problems at 14 months were unrelated to present or past maternal depression. Child problems at 27 and 42 months were related in an interactive way with present and past depression. There was little indication of behaviour problems preceding maternal depression. An examination of possible confounding factors in these relationships was also attempted.
The constancy of ratings of behaviour made at home and school between the ages of 7--11, 11--16 and 7--16 is examined. There were moderate correlations between ratings at the different ages (0.31--0.48) but the majority of children in the 'deviant' (top 13 per cent) group at one age had moved out of that group by a later follow-up (4, 5 or 9 years later). Certain characteristics (social class, sex, family size and birth order) of children with different patterns of ratings at the three ages are also examined.
Data on alcohol consumption were available in a national sample of young people at age 16 and again at 23. Twelve per cent of men consumed more than 50 units of alcohol per week at age 23, and 2% of women consumed more than 35 units, levels of intake which have previously been defined as heavy consumption. A comparison of drinking behaviour at the two ages showed that those who drank most and more frequently at 16 were the most likely to drink heavily at 23.
The 12 syndromes of the Bristol Social Adjustment Guide were factor analysed using data obtained on some 14000, 11 year olds. Separate analyses carried out for six social class and two sex categories revealed two very stable factors. These were discussed in relation to factors found in other similar analyses.
Certain theoretical and empirical limitations and problems were pointed to and it was suggested that within the context of these, the factors provide simple and parsimonious descriptions of classroom behaviour and might be of value in future research.
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