Infusion of each udder quarter at drying-off with 500 mg benzathine cloxacillin, significantly reduced (P < 0.01) the rate of new mastitis infection in cows up to 4 to 10 days post-calving. Rate of new infection was 18.8% in control cows compared to 4.6% in infused cows. 75% of the new infections in cows and 66.7% in quarters were detected only by bacteriological examination. No increase in the less common species of mastitis producing bacteria occurred as a result of dry cow infusion. The incidence of new infections in the period from the first post-calving sampling up to 30 days of lactation was similar in both groups.
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