BACKGROUNDAndrogenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common type of alopecia in men, which is an androgen mediated event. The FDA approved treatment for male AGA are Finasteride and Minoxidil. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a newer method for the treatment of various types of alopecia by providing growth factors in stimulating dermal papilla associated stem cells. Minoxidil helps in new hair growth by causing vasodilatation of scalp blood vessels. Treatment with microneedling showed an accelerated response leading to significant increase in scalp density.
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is one of the most common dermatological conditions seen in the daily practice. Psoriasis is known to be associated with lipid profile abnormality, increased fasting blood glucose levels, increased waist circumference and increase in blood pressures which collectively constitute the so called metabolic syndrome. The objectives of this study-1. To study the serum lipid profile among psoriasis patients attending our hospital. 2. To study serum lipids in relation to the severity of psoriasis among these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted at Navodaya Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Raichur. 50 patients of newly diagnosed psoriasis who had not received any prior topical or systemic treatment were randomly selected for the study and matched with 50 age and sex matched controls. A complete lipid profile was estimated with measurement of blood pressure. Collection of Data-Blood samples were collected after obtaining proper consent from all cases and controls. Serum lipids were measured by enzymatic method. RESULTS A total of 50 consecutive cases of psoriasis were screened, examined and recruited. A detailed history was taken and thorough examination was carried out. 50 age and sex matched controls were also recruited. Blood tests were then carried out to assess levels of total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL and HDL. Majority (26%) of the patients belonged to 31-40 years' age group. Male: female ratio was 3.2: 1.2 (4%), patients had mild psoriasis (PASI < 3), 30 (60%) patients had psoriasis of moderate severity (PASI 3-10), whereas 18 (36%) patients had severe type (PASI > 10). Psoriatic arthritis was noted in 12% (6 patients) of the cases. 22% of the patients had concomitant diabetes, while 16% of the patients had coexistent hypertension. Amongst the various lipid parameters, slight elevation was found only in triglyceride values, while other parameters like HDL, VLDL, LDL and Total Cholesterol did not show any significant association. Further there was no correlation of abnormality in lipid parameters with the severity of disease. CONCLUSION Our study did not show any association of psoriasis with abnormality in the lipid profile. The plenty of reports from West approving such an association can be explained on the basis of increased prevalence of obesity, abnormal BMI and hypertension as compared to Indian patients.
BACKGROUNDEpidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is a rare, lifelong, cutaneous, autosomal recessive genetic disorder of the immune system manifested by increased susceptibility to cutaneous Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection beginning in the early years of life. EV lesions are frequently described as pityriasis versicolor-like scaly macules, flat warts like papules or verrucous and seborrhoeic keratosis like papules and plaques. Here, we report a case of 14 years old boy who presented to us with multiple hyperkeratotic papules over face and upper extremities since 2 years. Hypopigmented macules over face, neck, upper chest and trunk since 4 months. Patient was treated topically with cryotherapy and systemically with acitretin and immunomodulators for warts and pityriasis versicolor was treated with topical and oral antifungals.
An echocardiogram is the most common diagnostic imaging done in chest pain evaluation workup. Persistent left superior vena cava is a rare thoracic congenital anomaly but commonly reported one in the literature. Dilated coronary sinus on echocardiogram is a signal to think of persistent left superior vena cava which can be presented with atypical chest pain and palpitation but is often asymptomatic. As a catheter from left subclavian approach can incidentally advance to the right side of the heart, early awareness of PLSVC is crucial to prevent unwanted procedure related complications. atrioventricular groove in left parasternal long axis and apical 4-chamber views (Figure 2). Since dilated CS is a relatively rare finding, the differential diagnosis should include right-sided heart disease with pressure and volume overload, unroofed coronary sinus, and anomalous venous drainage into the coronary sinus. A TTE with agitated normal saline contrast injected into the left antecubital vein verified the presence of air bubbles entering the coronary sinus first and then in the right atrium, suggestive of a persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) draining directly into the coronary sinus (Figure 3). DiscussionPLSVC has been recognized as a rare venous anomaly but the most commonly reported congenital thoracic venous anomaly with a prevalence of 0.3% to 0.5% of general population [1]. During the early stage of fetal life, the thoracic venous system is mainly composed of anterior and posterior cardinal veins. While the proximal part of left cardinal vein combines with right anterior cardinal vein remaining as the SVC, the distal portion usually dissipates, forming a ligament of Marshall. However, a failure of the left cardinal vein degeneration leads to the persistent left SVC. Saline agitated TTE (bubble study) is the gold standard to confirm the diagnosis. The following TTE findings are part of diagnostic criteria: (1) the presence of a dilated coronary sinus in the absence of evidence of elevated right-sided filling pressures; (2) enhancement of the dilated coronary sinus before the right atrium
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