SUMMARY Growth velocity of head circumference was studied longitudinally in different gestational age groups of 222 appropriate-weight-for-dates (AFD) and 94 small-for-dates (SFD) healthy infants during the first 5 months of life. Term AFD and SFD infants showed a steady slowing of growth rate of head circumference from birth. In contrast, preterm AFD infants of less than 36 weeks' gestation showed an increasing velocity of growth followed by slowing, with maximum velocity occurring between 30 and 40 days after birth. The shorter the postconceptional age at birth the later maximum velocity occurred. However, those preterm AFD infants of between 30 and 33 weeks' gestation who were given a high caloric feed showed a similar velocity curve to that of infants of 34-37 weeks of gestation.Cross-sectional data were used to estimate growth velocity of head circumference in the fetus. Two conclusions emerged. First, there is a slowing of head growth velocity from 31 weeks' gestation in utero, and second, term infants show a marked increase in velocity after birth. Though the occurrence of maximum velocity of head growth is delayed in the preterm infant, the net effect is such that at a given postconceptional age his head circumference is greater than that of the term infant, at least within the first 5 postnatal months.
Summary We examined the effect of selective thromboxane A2 (TXA2) receptor antagonists, calcium 5(Z)-iR, 2S, 3S, 4S-7-[3-phenylsulphonylaminobicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-yl]-5-heptonoate hydrate (S-1452) and +-7-(3,5,6,-trimethyl-1,4-benzoquinon-2-yl)-7-phenylhaptanoic acid (AA-2414), on sensitivity to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) (CDDP) in non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines. IC50 values to CDDP using MTT assay were decreased 2.1-and 4.6-fold respectively by treatment with 250 or 500 gM S-1452, for a 2 h simultaneous drug exposure, and those of PC-9/CDDP, a CDDP-resistant cell line, were decreased 3.1-and 6.1-fold. Sensitivity to carboplatin was also enhanced by the treatment with S-1452. IC50 values to CDDP and carboplatin were decreased by treatment with AA-2414 in a dose-dependent manner. Isobologram analysis showed that the combination of CDDP with S-1452 or AA-2414 produced supra-additive or additive effects in each cell line. Neither glutathione content nor glutathione S-transferase activity was changed in either cell line by treatment with 500 gM S-1452. Accumulation of platinum into PC-9 and PC-9/CDDP was increased by the treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Na+, K+-ATPase activity of PC-9 and PC-9/CDDP was enhanced by the treatment of S-1452 in a dose-dependent manner. These data show that the TXA2 receptor antagonists may enhance the sensitivity of non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines to platinum agents. Increase in Na+, K+-ATPase activity induced by S-1452 may be the mechanism of its sensitising effect through increase in platinum accumulation.
A thirty-three-year-old male with malignant hemangiopericytoma of the right ventricular outflow tract and the pulmonary artery associated with pseudoaneurysm formation at the latter is presented. Contrast computed tomography was helpful in diagnosing the pseudoaneurysm of the pulmonary artery. The positional change of the murmur, with a tumor plop caused by the pedunculated tumor of the right ventricular outflow tract, was detected.
Continuous measurements of arterial pressures, heart rates, respiratory movements, and respiratory rates were made from birth in 44 infants at risk from intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH). 17 babies died with IVH, in 10 of whom the event was timed objectively. Events in these babies were compared with survivors of similar birthweights, gestational ages, severity of birth asphyxia, and severity of hyaline membrane disease (HMD). IVH followed severe HMD and was associated with cessation of the babies' own respiratory efforts while on a ventilator and also with characteristic cardiorespiratory events. The minimum arterial pressure before IVH was lower than in comparable babies who survived. It is suggested that fluctuations of systemic blood pressure from initial low levels may be important in the pathogenesis of IVH. It is possible that changes in cerebral blood flow are of even greater significance.
Gross hemorrhage is the most serious complication of anticoagulant therapy. We report the discovery and treatment of a large pseudoaneurysm of the superior gluteal artery in one patient who had been receiving oral anticoagulant therapy. We diagnosed the pseudoaneurysm by contrast-enhanced computed tomography, and embolized the artery with stainless steel coils. The exact cause of the pseudoaneurysm remains unclear, however, minor trauma appears most likely.
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