Contamination of fetal fluid samples by maternal cells was a constant possibility which could lead to the misinterpretation of results. To minimize this, the first 1 -2 ml of fetal fluids aspirated were discarded, multiple cultures were set up from each sample and, when male cells were not observed, numerous metaphase spreads from several passages of each culture were studied.Twelve cultures failed due to incubator failure, bacterial or fungal contamination, or too few culturable cells.
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