This study presents an effective and robust time integration procedure for general anisotropic, thermal rheologically simple viscoelasticity, that is suitable for implementation in a broad spectrum of general purpose nonlinear ®nite element programs. It features a judicious choice of state variables which record the extent of inelastic¯ow (creep), a stable backward Euler integration step, and a consistent tangent operator. Numerical examples involving homogeneous stress states such as uniaxial tension and simple shear, and non-uniform stress states such as a beam under tip load, were carried out by incorporating the present scheme into a general purpose FEM package. Excellent agreement with analytical results is observed.
A finite element formulation for analyzing interlaminar stress fields in nonlinear anisotropic viscoelastic laminated composites is presented including a hygrothermal formulation. Schapery’s single integral formulation is extended to account for viscoelastic anisotropy and multiaxial stress states. Numerical results obtained from the present formulation are compared against experimental data and excellent agreement is obtained between these results. As illustrative examples, inplane and interlaminar stresses for (45/-45)s T300/5208 laminate are also presented.
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