1-[(Aryl)(4-aryl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)methyl]-1H-imidazoles were recently reported by our group as potent anti-Candida agents belonging to the antifungal azole class. In the present paper the synthesis, anti-Candida activities, and QSAR studies on a novel series of N-substituted 1-[(aryl)(4-aryl-1H-pyrrol-3-yl)methyl]-1H-imidazole derivatives are reported. The newly synthesized azoles were tested against 12 strains of Candida albicans together with bifonazole, miconazole, itraconazole, fluconazole, and compounds 1a, 1b, 3a, 3b, and 3c used as reference drugs. In general, tested derivatives showed good antifungal activities, and the most potent compound was 1d (MIC(90) = 0.032 microg/mL), which was from 4- to 250-fold more potent than reference drugs. Catalyst software was applied to develop a quantitative pharmacophore model to be used for the rational design of new antifungal azoles. Some key interactions, as well as excluded volumes, further to the coordination bond of azole antifungals with the demethylase enzyme, are highlighted.
Reactions of aliphatic branched aldehydes with proline in dimethyl sulfoxide or acetonitrile solution afford oxazolidin‐5‐ones with high diastereoselection. Linear aldehydes afford aldolic/crotonic condensation products; with short reaction times, the presence of Oxazolidinones can be detected in the pmr spectra. Acyclic aminoacids and branched aldehydes yield a reaction mixture the pmr and ir spectra of which give evidence for iminic‐oxazolidinone equilibria. The structure of (2R,5S)‐2‐trichloromethyl‐1‐aza‐3‐oxabiciclo‐[3.3.0]octan‐4‐one has been confirmed by X‐ray diffraction analysis.
Substituted pyrrolizidines have been synthesized by 1,3‐dipolar cycloaddition of various dipolarophiles with the azomethine ylide generated by treatment of proline with benzaldehyde in dimethylsulfoxide. The regio‐ and stereochemical outcome of the reaction as well as the stability of the isomers obtained are discussed.
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