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A general description of the deep basin of the Gulf of Mexico is given in the preceding section on Site 2, in the Setting and Purpose, and the reader is referred to that material for a preamble to the following discussion of Site 3.The study of thirty-three cores in 1953 led Ewing, Worzel, Ericson, and Heezen (1955) from a consideration of the nature of the sediments cored, the topography of the Mississippi Cone, and the flat floor of the Sigsbee Deep, to the conclusion that the distribution of sediments in the Gulf of Mexico was profoundly influenced by turbidity currents. These authors also concluded, from seismic refraction measurements, that the crust was oceanic in character.In 1954 a detailed topographic study, supplemented by 124 piston cores taken in the Gulf (Ewing, Ericson, and Heezen, 1958), led to the conclusion that silty sediments-supplied in quantity by the Pleistocene Mississippi River and distributed by a turbidity current process-covered the floor of the Gulf. The situation of the Sigsbee Knolls in an abyssal plain and the character of the sediments cored from them made it probable that
Drill holes 4 and 4A were drilled at Site 4, which is located between the Hatteras Abyssal Plain and the Bahama Platform. It is just seaward of Cat Gap, a valley which breaks the continuity between the Blake outer ridges and the ridge extending to the north-northeast of San Salvador Island.
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