Bronchial asthma (BA) is a widespread disease affecting up to 339 million people worldwide. Currently, a number of BA phenotypes are distinguished: asthma associated with obesity, allergic, non-allergic, asthma with late onset, and asthma with fixed bronchial obstruction. According to the World Health Organization, more than 30% of the world population is obese. According to GINA, the phenotype “BA with obesity” is characterized by a more severe development of the decease, low level of disease control, resistance to baseline therapy, frequent hospitalizations for exacerbations, and the comorbid pathology in patients. In this connection, personalized approach is required, with individual selection of therapy, which is often not effective enough, which entails the need for further study of the disease development and its pathogenesis factors. To date, the role of obesity in the mechanisms of formation of a more severe development of BA has been actively studied. It has been shown that many other factors such as oxidative stress, changes in vitamin D and periostine levels, changes in airway physiology due to obesity, sleep disorders and genetic predisposition can influence the development and/or exacerbation of dyspnea in obese patients.
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