In the farms of the Udmurt Republic, the most common endoparasites of cattle are Fasciola hepatica, Chabertia ovina and Haemonchus contortus and their association. Feces samples were taken individually and examined by flotation and sequential swabs. The therapeutic efficacy of anthelmintic drugs has been studied in 780 cows. Animals’ infection rate was determined by triple helminthocoproovoscopic examination of fecal samples by flotation and sequential washing before and after antiparasitic treatments (15, 30 and 90 days after deworming). The high degree of cattle infection in various regions of the Udmurt Republic with fasciolosis and strongilatosis of the gastrointestinal tract is due to optimal climatic conditions for the regular transmission of the pathogen to susceptible animals. The therapeutic efficacy of anthelmintic drugs has been studied in 675 cows, which were divided according to the principle of analogues into groups consisting of 45 animals. According to the results of our studies in case of nematode monoinvasion, the most effective antiparasitic drugs are closanthin 20 % (the cost of one dose per animal is 77 rubles) and ivermectins (the cost of deworming per animal does not exceed 40 rubles). Analyzing the extenseffectivity of the studied anthelmintic drugs, we found that closantin 20 % at a dose of 1 is the optimal drug in terms of efficacy and cost for monoinvasions (ID – 100 %) with fasciola or strongilates of the gastrointestinal tract, and their association (ID – 93.3 %), 1.25ml / 50kg of animal weight.
and species of rabbits are bred, which differ in their economic and purposeful purposes. In Eurasian countries, these animals, used mainly to obtain high-quality dietary meat (Bharathy et al., 2014).
Currently, the topic of determination of the seasonal and age-related dynamics of eimeria and cryptosporidia, especially with their associative course in cattle on farms of the Udmurt Republic, remains relevant. The research material were represented by fecal samples (1629 samples) from animals of various age groups of the central zone of Udmurtia, spontaneously infected with eime-ria and cryptosporidia. Coprological studies were performed monthly by generally accepted flotation methods, and fingerprint smears were made, followed by Ziehl-Nielsen staining. Our studies on the seasonal dynamics of protozoa showed that peaks of infection in animals in the central zone of the Udmurt Republic were noted in the autumn-winter periode. The age dynamics in the regions differed significantly depending on the type of pathogen and the age of the animals. Thus, Zavyalovsky is a stationary dysfunctional area for eimeriosis and cryptosporidiosis, where the per-centage of eimeriosis infection is 96.3%. At the same time, the maximum number of ocists were observed in young animals in age of 8-12 months. Cryptosporidiosis infestation was recorded from 3 days of age to 2 months, and the percentage of infection in this age group reached 89,66%.The results of our studies revealed a fairly widespread association of these protozooses. So, it was found that in Zavyalovsky district, the maximum intensi-ty of mixtinvasion is recorded in animals aged 1-2 months and reaches up to 69,17%. In the Uvinsky district, the greatest degree of infection with the association of eimeria and cryptosporidia is record-ed almost 2 times less often (in 37,31% of cas-es).The results of seasonal dynamics must be taken into account for drawing up treatment and preventive measures for various age groups of animals in the central zone of the Udmurt Republic.
The purpose of the research was to determine and comparatively analyze the degree of distribution of eimeria species in the northern, central and southern zones of Udmurtia and to identify various associations of these protozoa in farms. The studies of animals of black-motley, Holstein and holsteined black-motley breeds of animals aged 1–16 months, as well as heifers and cows in three zones of the Udmurt Republic showed that eimeriosis is recorded in all experimental farms regardless of the technology of keeping and breed of animals. In order to determine the species of eimeria, the method of oocysts culturing in a thermostat at 25–28 ∘C in a 2% solution of potassium dichromate was used [5]. The results of our studies showed that eight species of bovine eimeria are recorded in animals from the farms of the Udmurt Republic. In the farm located in the central region, the maximum prevalence rate was noted and the clinical signs of eimeriosis are most manifested, up to the death. In our opinion, this is due both to the high prevalence rates, a high percentage of infestation with the most pathogenic species, such as E.zuernii and E. bovis, and mixed infections, the most common of which are the following: E.zuernii + E.bovis; E.zuernii + E.bovis + E.ellipsoidalis; E.zuernii + E.bovis + E.bukidnonensis; E.zuernii + E.bovis+E.subspherica; E.zuernii + E.bovis + E.ellipsoidalis + E.auburnensis; E.zuernii + E.bovis + E.ellipsoidalis + E.auburnensis + E.bukidnonensis + E.subspherica + E.brasiliensis + E.alabamensis.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.