Background-Activation of the heart renin-angiotensin system (RAS) under pathophysiological conditions has been correlated with the development of ischemic injury. The binding of angiotensin II to its receptors triggers induction of several, perhaps multifunctional, intracellular signaling pathways, notable among them the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway. In this study, we investigated whether the JAK/STAT signaling is involved in the ischemia/reperfusion injury in adult rat myocardium. Methods and Results-We report here that 2 components of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway, namely STAT 5A and STAT 6, are selectively activated in the rat heart subjected to ischemia/reperfusion

The main aim of the present paper is to define new soft separation axioms which lead us, first, to generalize existing comparable properties via general topology, second, to eliminate restrictions on the shape of soft open sets on soft regular spaces which given in [22], and third, to obtain a relationship between soft Hausdorff and new soft regular spaces similar to those exists via general topology. To this end, we define partial belong and total non belong relations, and investigate many properties related to these two relations. We then introduce new soft separation axioms, namely p-soft T i-spaces (i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4), depending on a total non belong relation, and study their features in detail. With the help of examples, we illustrate the relationships among these soft separation axioms and point out that p-soft T i-spaces are stronger than soft T i-spaces, for i = 0, 1, 4. Also, we define a p-soft regular space, which is weaker than a soft regular space and verify that a p-soft regular condition is sufficient for the equivalent among p-soft T i-spaces, for i = 0, 1, 2. Furthermore, we prove the equivalent among finite p-soft T i-spaces, for i = 1, 2, 3 and derive that a finite product of p-soft T i-spaces is p-soft T i , for i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4. In the last section, we show the relationships which associate some p-soft T i-spaces with soft compactness, and in particular, we conclude under what conditions a soft subset of a p-soft T 2-space is soft compact and prove that every soft compact p-soft T 2-space is soft T 3-space. Finally, we illuminate that some findings obtained in general topology are not true concerning soft topological spaces which among of them a finite soft topological space need not be soft compact.

This study introduces a new family of soft separation axioms and a real-life application utilizing partial belong and natural non-belong relations. First, we initiate the concepts of w-soft T i -spaces (i = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4) with respect to distinct ordinary points. These concepts generate a wider family of soft spaces compared with soft T i -spaces, p-soft T i -spaces and e-soft T i -spaces. We illustrate the relationships between w-soft T i -spaces with the help of examples and discuss some sufficient conditions of soft topological spaces to be w-soft T ispaces. Additionally, we point out that stable or soft regular spaces are sufficient conditions for the equivalence among the concepts of soft T i , p-soft T i and w-soft T i . We highlight on explaining the links between w-soft T i -spaces and their parametric topological spaces and studying the role of enriched spaces in these links. Furthermore, we prove that w-soft T ispaces are hereditary and topological properties, and they are preserved under finite product soft spaces. Finally, we propose an algorithm to bring out the optimal choices. This algorithm is based on dividing the whole parameters set into parameter sets and then apply a partial belong relation in the favorite soft sets. This application is supported with an interesting example to show how to implement this algorithm.

The aim of this work is to define some concepts on supra topological spaces using supra preopen sets and investigate main properties. We started this paper by correcting some results obtained in previous study and presenting further properties of supra preopen sets. Then, we introduce a concept of supra prehomeomorphism maps and discuss its main properties. After that we explore the concepts of supra limit and supra boundary points of a set with respect to supra preopen sets and examine their behaviours on the spaces that possess the difference property. Finally, we formulate the concepts of supra pre-Ti-spaces i=0,1,2,3,4 and give completely descriptions for each one of them. In general, we study their main properties in detail and show the implications of these separation axioms among themselves as well as with STi-space with the help of some interesting examples.