The ethanolic extract of sugar beet pulp at 100% exibited good antioxidant activity of 69.74%. It showed an excellent scavenging activity on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals (84.94%) and was a mild chelator for ferrous and cupric ions. On the basis of some identified phenolic acids in ethanolic extract from sugar beet pulp it is concluded that predominant acids (ferulic, gentisic and p-coumaric acid), which have been previously evidented as relatively potent antioxidants, contribute to the antioxidant properties of the investigated extract. Antioxidative nature of ethanolic extract from sugar beet pulp, that is sugar beet pulp itself, indicate that it could be used as antioxidative component for decreasing oxidative changes in foods

Submerged fermentation (SmF) was carried out using the pumpkin oil cake (PuOC) as a substrate for the production of exo-pectinase (exo-p) by Penicillium roqueforti. PuOC was used as carbon, nitrogen and mineral source for fungi growth and exo-p production. SmF was carried out in the production medium containing 0.2% KH2PO4, 0.1% MgSO4 and 0.1% NaCl, supplemented with PuOC at 2% concentration. The obtained results show that P. roqueforti cultivated in a liquid medium in the presence of PuOC as a source of nitrogen, produced significant amount of exo-p, activity 161.03 U/ml

In this work, all the rate constants in the kinetic mechanism of the yeast alcohol dehydrogenase-catalyzed oxidation of ethanol by NAD+, at pH 7.0, 25 ?C, have been estimated. The determination of the individual rate constants was achieved by fitting the reaction progress curves to the experimental data, using the procedures of the FITSIM and KINSIM software package of Carl Frieden. This work is the first report in the literature showing the internal equilibrium constants for the isomerization of the enzyme-NAD+ complex in yeast alcohol dehydrogenase-catalyzed reactions.

The partitioning of acid protease produced by submerged fermentation of Penicillium roqueforti in the aqueous two-phase system polyethylene glycol/sodium phosphate was studied. In the system with 15% polyethylene glycol 4000/25% NaH2PO4 favourable partition coefficient and the top phase yield were obtained, 2.651 and 56.51%, respectively. The purification of acid protease from crude enzyme was optimized by optimizing separation factor. Completely randomized factorial design was applied and the system 15.54% PEG 4000/20% NaH2PO4 appeared to be optimal. Statistically calculated separation factor of 3.553, was similar to the experimentally obtained value (3.084), which indicates the possible application of the factorial design onto ATPS partition and purifycation

The feasibility of using pumpkin oil cake (PuOC), individual and in combination with wheat bran (WB), as substrate for the production of Exo-polygalacturonase (Exo-p) by starter culture Penicillium roqueforti in solid state fermentation (SSF) has been evaluated. The kinetics of enzyme production was investigated using PuOC alone in the range from 13 to 168 h, with moisture contents varying from 44% the ability to grow and produce Exo-p activity on this substrate, reaching a maximum value of 1451.75 U/g.d.w PuOC by the 5th day of fermentation. Fermentation experiments indicated that the water activity (aw) influenced the enzyme production. A medium with aw 0.932 and the fermentation time of 5 days were selected, as these conditions resulted in the highest pectolytic activity and were used for further investigation. A next step in this research was to examine the effect of the substrate combination, PuOC with wheat bran (WB), in different ratios. The addition of WB as carbon sources was found to have a significant influence on the enzymes yields. Exo-p activities were the highest with initial water activity of a w 0.932 and PuOC supplementation with WB (1:0.67)