India is very rich in orchid genetic resource. It is estimated that about 1300 species occur within the political boundaries of India, of which nearly 150 species are used in Ayurvedic, Siddha, Unani, and tribal system of medicine. The country has been paying attention to ornamental orchids for the use in floriculture industry, but the orchid therapeutics did not catch such attention which also has similar potential to contribute in economy and health of the people. The present chapter takes a look on uses of orchids in traditional medicine system as well as progress made for their utilization in healthcare system.
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