The effect of climate change on global food security has assumed a frightening dimension in developing nations. The need for efficient management to cope with the effect of climate change became imperative. The main aim of this research is to compare the growth and yield parameters of Chilli when it subjected to temperature and water stress. Experiments were conducted on the growing seasons of 2010 and 2011 at the Open University Sri Lanka Agricultural field located at Nawala, Nugegoda using Chilli Varity MI-2 in temperature regulated polytunnels. Split plot experiment based on Completely Randomized Design with 10 replicates was applied as an experimental design. Main plot included two different wetting applications (No water stress-at field capacity level and water stress at 50 % depletion from the field capacity level) and sub plots contained 3 different temperature regimes (34 °C, 32 °C temperature and ambient temperature).According to the results the temperature stress has especially affected the plant height, branches, canopy diameter and number of fruit weight at 0.01 probability levels. Further temperature stress showed significant effect at 0.05 probability level on transplant success, fruit diameter and number of fruits per plant. According to the yield parameters it was observed that interaction effect of the stresses of temperature and water had higher significant impact on growth and yield of Chilli. Yield reduction of Chilli due to temperature stress can be overcome by providing water at field capacity level of the soil moisture during growing period.
Experiments were conducted in the temperature regulated polytunnels for five consecutive growing seasons at the Open University of Sri Lanka to evaluate the impact of the enhanced temperature and water stress due to Global warming on marketable fruit quality. Split plot experiment based on complete randomized design with 10 replicates was applied as experimental design. The plants were grown in pots, and the main plot included two moisture levels (No water stress, 50% water stress from the field capacity) and sub plots contained 3 different temperature regimes (34°C maximum temperature / 32°C maximum temperature / ambient temperature). Experiments were repeated for 3 seasons to replicate temperature effect. The combination effect of water stress and temperature stress proved to be a significant drawback for tomato yield and marketable fruit quality such as colour, shape, soluble solids content, pH and sugar acid ratio. Mealy bug attack too was very significant in high temperature poly tunnel experiment which affected the marketable fruit quality. Therefore, tomato variety Rajitha could not be a successful open field crop in the dry zone of Sri Lanka if temperature is increased due to global warming. But tomato could be cultivated under green houses by providing adequate water and required soil temperature.
The main aim of this research was to study the influence of simulated temperature and water stress on vegetative, reproductive and quality parameters of Tomato (variety Rajitha). Experiments were conducted in the temperature regulated poly tunnel during the growing seasons of 2010 and 2011 in the agricultural field located at Nawala, Nugegoda at the Open University Sri Lanka to evaluate the enhanced temperature (temperature rise by 2°C) and water stress (50% depletion) effects for Tomato plants. Split plot experiment based on complete randomized design with 10 replicates was applied as experimental design. The plants were grown in pots under temperature-controlled poly tunnels and half of the samples was subjected to water stress (50% from field capacity), and the rest of the samples were kept at field capacity of soil moisture. Main plot included two different irrigation applications (No water stress, 50% water stress from the field capacity) and sub plots contained 3 different temperature regimes (34°C maximum temperature poly tunnel, 32°C maximum temperature poly tunnel, ambient temperature 30°C). Individual water stress showed a highly significant effect on vegetative and reproductive parameters. Tomato fruit setting was minimum at 32-34°C temperature range due to pollen sterility. The combined effect of water stress and temperature stress proved to be a significant drawback for vegetative and reproductive growth and also for quality parameters of Tomato. Therefore, Tomato (variety Rajitha) cultivation becomes unsuccessful if there is water and temperature stress condition.
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