ResumoO setor sucroenergético tem proporcionado o desenvolvimento socioeconômico nas regiões onde estão implantadas as usinas de açúcar e álcool com geração de empregos diretos e indiretos, que é o fato gerador de renda. É necessário que haja um monitoramento das atividades desenvolvidas dentro do processo produtivo com a implantação de um PGRS (Plano de Gerenciamento de Resíduos Sólidos), para que o desenvolvimento não traga alto custo ao meio ambiente e, consequentemente, à saúde e ao bem estar da população. A pesquisa foi realizada como estudo de caso da gestão dos resíduos em uma usina no Mato Grosso do Sul, por meio de pesquisa exploratória, visitas técnicas e aplicação de questionário. Sobre o manejo dos resíduos e as práticas de sustentabilidade para reduzir os impactos ambientais, a pesquisa revelou alguns pontos importantes: a agroindústria estudada adota a política de reaproveitamento dos resíduos gerados visando o desenvolvimento sustentável de suas atividades.Palavras-Chave: Cana de açúcar, subprodutos, sustentabilidade, resíduos. AbstractThe sugarcane industry has provided socio-economic development in the regions where they are deployed sugar mills and alcohol to generate direct and indirect jobs, is the fact that income generator. There must be monitoring of activities within the production process with the implementation of a SWMP (Plan Solid Waste Management), so that development does not bring high cost to the environment and consequently the health and welfare of population. The survey was conducted as a case study of waste management at a plant in Mato Grosso do Sul, through exploratory research, technical visits and questionnaire. On waste management and sustainability practices to reduce environmental impacts, the survey revealed some important points: agribusiness study adopts the policy of reuse of waste generated for the sustainable development of its activities.
Sugarcane mills produce sugar and ethanol and have always used bagasse as fuel to generate energy for self-consumption. Recently some mills have been also producing surplus electricity to sell in the market a third product from sugarcane. Although any boiler can be efficient, the sale of electricity has stimulated the improvement of the burning process. However, the investment in high-pressure boilers, much more expensive than any common boiler, is essential for the exportation of electricity. Among the 22 sugarcane mills from Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, only 12 power plants sell electricity to the grid. The power generation efficiency depends on the pyrolysis in boilers, which results in ashes that match the unburned mineral fraction of the fuel as oxide. Both the bagasse and the straw are composed predominantly of lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose with calorific power near to the wood at the same moisture content. However the bagasse leaves the mill with about 50% of moisture while the straw reaches the industry with about 15% of humidity. This paper characterize the ashes samples from burned bagasse from seven sugarcane mills at Mato Grosso do Sul Brazilian state, to compare the methodology available for use to measure the efficiency of the pyrolysis system. Among these sugarcane mills only two are highlighted by their higher burning efficiency, both of them selling electricity, while the others showed unburned portions characterizing an inefficient system. For these industries the ash content in the ashes showed values compatible with the Superior Calorific Value as an efficiency index for the combustion degree in boilers.
Reducing the use of fossil fuels and mitigating environmental impacts justifies the generation of electricity from renewable sources. In Brazil, sugarcane is the biomass that most generates electricity, and Mato Grosso do Sul state accounts for 10% of this electricity. Production can be traded in the spot market, long-term contracts regulated by the Federal Government, or free contracts between companies. Despite these options, only half of the sugarcane industries in Mato Grosso do Sul commercialize electricity. Based on Transaction cost economics, the objective of this work is to identify the most suitable governance structures used in the commercialization of electricity produced by the sugarcane plants in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul and to evaluate the institutional environment impact on these structures. A questionnaire was applied to all sugarcane companies in the state, and interviews were conducted with specialists and regulatory agencies. The results indicate that the widespread use of plural forms of governance for the commercialization of energy reduces the risks linked to a weak institutional environment and judicialization of the spot market. The preference for free contracts and a large number of short-term transactions indicate a lack of trust in the existing institutions, with the need to strengthen independent regulatory agencies.
This chapter presents and discusses the potential of power generation from last sugarcane harvest (2016/2017), mainly by the combustion of two by-products; bagasse and straw. Bioelectricity production from the bagasse and the straw is possible through the grinding sugarcane, and both are available in the driest period of the year (May to September) and match with the water shortage in the reservoirs of hydroelectric power plants to the same period. Brazil is the largest producer of sugarcane of the world, in 2016/2017 reaped 657,189.900 tons, this crop is concentrated in four states that are responsible for over 90% of the bioelectricity production. Considering 2016/2017 harvest, we have foreseen that the availability of bioelectricity could reach 74,994 GWh, but if we aggregate straw to the combustion at the boiler, the electricity produced would reach 111,558 GWh. This power energy produced is almost 20% of total power energy supply in 2016, when power generation was 570,562 GWh. This way, Brazil could increase the share of the renewable resources at its power energy matrix and avoid greenhouse gas emission. Moreover, we present a deep discussion about the current federal regulatory scope of Brazilian electricity market and how bioelectricity fits into this competitive market.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.