Evaluation the efficacy of bio-agents, resistance chemical inducers and/or thyme oil application as foliar spray against vegetables foliar diseases incidence was carried out in open greenhouse conditions. The tested bio-agents were Trichoderma harzianum, T. Viride, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas flourescens and Saccharomyces serevisiae. Calcium chloride, Potassium monohydrogen phosphate, Potassium bicarbonate, Saccharin, Ascorbic acid, Chitosan and Humic & Folic acid (mixture) as resistance chemical inducers were evaluated. The recorded foliar diseases, i.e. Powdery, Downy mildews of Cucumber, Cantaloupe and Pepper as well as Early, Late blights of Tomato were significantly reduced at all treatments either alone or in combinations comparing with untreated plants. Application with either T. harzianum and B. subtilis showed significant reduction in diseases incidence comparing with the other applied bio-agents. Under artificial infestation the most significant reduction in diseases incidence of tested vegetables were recorded in combined treatments of chemical inducers and S. serevisiae, i.e. (Chitosan + Thyme oil); (Chitosan + Saccharin); (Chitosan + Calcium chloride + S. serevisiae); (Chitosan + Potassium monohydrogen phosphate); (Saccharin + Potassium monohydrogen phosphate) ; (Humic & folic + Thyme oil) and (Chitosan + S. serevisiae) comparing with other applied treatments as well as untreated control.On the light of the present study it could be suggested that the usage of combined application of the bio-agents with resistance plant chemicals might be used as easily applied, safely and cost effective control methods against such foliar plant diseases.
Different approaches of some antagonistic fungal, bacterial and yeast agents applied as seed treatment or soil drench was evaluated against various soil-borne pathogens causing vegetables root rot disease under greenhouse conditions. The tested pathogenic fungi were Alternaria solani Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum, Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii, Macrophomina phaseolina and Pythium sp., meanwhile the tested bio-agents were Trichoderma harzianum, T. Viride and Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas flourescens and Sacchromyces serivisae. Significant reduction in the disease incidence was observed in bio-agent treatments in comparison with untreated control. Root rot incidence, at pre-emergence stage, significant effect was observed in bio-agent treatments as seed soaking comparing with soil drench treatment. The treated seeds showed a protective effect for seeds germination against the invasion by soil-borne pathogenic fungi. Meanwhile, soil drenched with different bio-agents showed more efficacy for reducing root rot incidence at post-emergence growth stage of tested vegetables, Cucumber, Cantaloupe, Tomato and Pepper. The obtained results revealed that the antagonist T. harzianum showed significant superior effect to reduce diseases incidence followed by B. subtilis. Also, the antagonists T. viride and P. fluorescence occupied significantly the second degree for reducing root rot incidence. The treatment with S. serevisiae had the lowest effect on disease incidence, although it significantly lesser than check control treatment. The present study demonstrates that application of bio-agents as seed treatment and soil drench may be useful for controlling root rot disease in field.
Evaluation the efficacy of bio-agents, application as foliar spray against vegetables foliar diseases incidence was carried out in open greenhouse conditions. The tested bio-agents were Trichoderma harzianum, T. Viride, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were evaluated. The recorded foliar diseases, i.e. Powdery, Downy mildews of Cucumber, Cantaloupe and Pepper as well as Early, Late blights of Tomato were significantly reduced at all treat ments either alone or in co mb inations comparing with untreated plants. Application with either T. harzianum and B. subtilis showed significant reduction in diseases incidence comparing with the other applied bio-agents. The other bio-agent treatments, T. viride, P. fluorescens and S. cerevisiae recorded moderate reduction in this concern. On the light of the present study it could be suggested that the usage of bio-agents might be used as easily applied, safely and cost effective control methods against such foliar plant diseases.
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