Solar-thermal conversion of biomass through pyrolysis process is an alternative option to store energy in the form of liquid fuel, gas and bio-char. Fast pyrolysis is a highly endothermic process and essentially requires high heating rate and temperature >400 °C . This study presents a theoretical study on biomass fast pyrolysis in a solar-thermal reactor heated by a parabolic trough concentrator. The reactor is part of a novel closed loop pyrolysis-gasification process.A Eulerian-Eulerian flow model, with constitutive closure equation derived from the kinetic theory of granular flow and incorporating heat transfer, drying and pyrolysis reaction equations, was solved using ANSYS Fluent computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software.The highly endothermic pyrolysis was assumed to be satisfied by a constant solar heat flux concentrated on the reactor external wall. At the operating conditions considered, the reactor overall energy efficiency was found equal to 67.8% with the product consisting of 51.5% biooil, 43.7% char and 4.8% non-condensable gases. Performance analysis is presented to show the competitiveness of the proposed reactor in terms of thermal conversion efficiency and environmental impact. It is hoped that this study will contribute to the global effort on securing diverse and sustainable energy generation technologies.
The gas turbine engine has a promising future in different applications. Hydrogen, on the other hand, is being considered as a good candidate fuel in combustion processes. In this work, a model two-shaft gas turbine engine was run on LPG under different operating conditions of compressor and free power turbine speeds. Performance parameters such as torque, power, specific fuel consumption, and thermal efficiency were calculated. Comparison of performance with hydrogen was carried out based on simulation studies, especially fuel-air ratio, and specific fuel consumption, which showed clearly improved performance with hydrogen.
Abstract-Bilateral relations between Federal RepublicNigeria and Republic of Indonesia is traced to 1965 when Indonesia opened its first diplomatic mission in Sub Saharan Africa in Lagos Nigeria, Nigeria reciprocated in 1976 by opening a diplomatic mission in Jakarta. Since then Nigeria-Indonesia has enjoyed fruitful diplomatic and economic relations. These paper aims to investigate the volume of bilateral economic agreements and trades between both countries. The paper utilises secondary sources of data. The research finding shows that both countries enjoy several bilateral economic relations, in 2001 both countries signed Economic and Technical Cooperation agreement for establishing a Joint commission. Also, Nigeria was Indonesia's largest trade partner in Africa as at 2014 with total trade volume standing at USD 3.9 million. Also, notable Indonesia companies in Nigeria includes Sayap Mas Utama, Indorama, Kalbe Farma and Dufil (Indomie) which is the largest producer of noodles in the country. This shows that Indonesia has significantly invested in industrialisation via non-oil sector the study thereby concludes that Nigeria can learn from Indonesia to improve its drive for non-oil export towards facilitating economic development.
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