Medulloblastoma is the most common posterior fossa tumor of childhood typically within the fourth ventricle. However, extra-axial medulloblastoma in posterior fossa is an uncommon diagnosis. We report a case in a 33-month-old male who presented with repeated complaints of abdominal pain, intermittent emesis, and diarrhea, and diagnosed with right cerebellar extra-axial medulloblastoma, which was surgically resected. Majority of the reported extra-axial medulloblastoma in posterior fossa in the United States are located in the cerebellopontine angle. However, to the best of our knowledge, our case is the first to document medulloblastoma occurring exclusively in the cerebellar hemispheric extra-axial space rather than the cerebellopontine angle. Although the diagnosis can present as a radiological dilemma, a systematic multimodality imaging approach can aid in narrowing the differential diagnosis and timely management. In this case report, we will discuss the imaging characteristics, differential diagnosis, and management strategies, alongside a brief review of the world literature of extra-axial medulloblastoma.
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate an EW-7197eluting nanofiber-covered stent (NFCS) for granulation tissue formation after stent placement in a canine urethral model. Materials: All experiments were approved by the committee of animal research. A total of 12 NFCSs were placed in the proximal and distal urethras of six dogs. Dogs were divided into two groups with 3 dogs each. The control stent (CS) group received NFCSs and the drug stent (DS) group received EW-7197 (1000 μg)-eluting NFCSs. All dogs were sacrificed 8 weeks after stent placement. Histologic findings of the stented urethra were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Stent placement was technically successful in all dogs without procedure-related complications. On urethrographic analysis, the mean luminal diameter was significantly larger in the DS group than in the CS group at 4 and 8 weeks after stent placement (all p 0.05). The in vitro release study demonstrated that approximately 80% of the drug was eluted from the stents within 1 day after which the elution rate slowed and reached a plateau after 10 days.
Conclusions:The EW-7197-eluting NFCS is effective and safe for suppressing granulation tissue formation after stent placement in a canine urethral model.
Abstract No. 572Renal access for repeat percutaneous nephrolithotomy in patients with recurrent kidney stones: feasibility, safety and endourologic procedure outcomes
a 16 Fr pigtail catheter was used. Only 2 patients had gastropexy sutures placed during procedure. All patients demonstrated improvement in gastric dilation after gastrostomy. 2 patients developed complications of tube site leakage and poor tube function within 1 week of procedure, which resolved with tube exchange. In 4 patients, tubes were removed after 8 weeks with symptom resolution and no further intervention. In 4 patients, tubes remained in place, with successful decompression and symptom improvement, until subsequent surgical revision. In 2 patients, tubes remained in place with transfer to hospice. Conclusions: Fluoroscopic and ultrasound-guided percutaneous gastrostomy is a safe, effective, and feasible approach to treating dilation of the excluded stomach in RYGB patients.
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