A study is conducted of real PV production from two 100 kW p grid-connected installations located in the same area, both of which experience the same fluctuations in temperature and radiation. Data sets on production were collected over an entire year and both installations were compared under various levels of radiation. The installations were assembled with mono-Si panels, mounted on the same support system, and the power supply was equal for the inverter and the measurement system; the same parameters were also employed for the wiring, and electrical losses were calculated in both cases. The results, in economic terms, highlight the importance of properly selecting the system components and the design parameters for maximum profitability.

The implementation process of a photovoltaic system and its connection to the national grid in Spain is examined from an economic, an administrative and a legal standpoint. In the first place, this case study describes the solar farm, and it goes on to examine the economic aspects of electricity production, its associated costs, and relevant grants and financial subsidies. Finally, problems related to the administration of the project and the issuing of permits by local and regional authorities are discussed.

Potential photovoltaic (PV) production from vertical façades facing the four cardinal points of the compass are calculated from daily average vertical global insolation readings measured in Burgos, Spain. Ten-minute data sets are collected over forty-five months, from January, 2014 to September 2017, in the experimental campaign to produce estimates of daily average insolation levels, from which the PV potential of the vertical surfaces was calculated. Given the scarcity of data on Global Vertical Insolation (GVI), the main sky-related variables were processed in four classic decomposition models (Isotropic, Circumsolar, Klucher, and Hay) to predict the insolation values. Both the experimentally measured GVI values and those calculated with the models were then compared using the statistical indicators RMSE and MBE. The results highlighted the economic viability of Building Integrated PhotoVoltaic (BIPV) facilities, even on the north-facing façades, in comparison with the horizontal facility at the same location.

A small hydropower plant in Spain is studied from an energetic and economic perspective. The viability of the facility is examined using the freeware software RETScreen. Calculated and standard operational data are compared, thereby demonstrating the feasibility of the project from all points of view. The study highlights the growing interest in renewable energies.

Two complete years of operation of two grid-tied PV facilities is presented. Energetic and economic performance of both installations has been compared. Located in the same place, the installation of these facilities followed the same construction criteria -PV panels, panel support system and wiring-and the facilities are exposed to the same atmospheric temperature and solar radiation. They differ with regard to their inverter topology used: one facility uses a central inverter and the other a string inverter configuration. The performance of the facilities has been determined using a procedure based on a small number of easily obtained parameters and the knowledge of the analyzed system and its operation mode.Electrical losses have been calculated for both systems and a complete comparison between them has been carried out. The results have shown better performance for distributed system in economic and energetic terms.