Mongrel dogs were fed, from weaning to 9 months of age, on one of two diets that differed only in the type of fat content (virgin olive oil or sunflower oil) to compare the composition of exocrine pancreatic secretion in the basal period and in response to food. In resting pancreatic flow, electrolytes and the specific activities of amylase, lipase and chymotrypsin were similar in both experimental groups. However, lipase and amylase outputs, and amylase and protein concentrations were significantly higher in the group fed on the diet rich in sunflower oil. Food intake was not followed by any change in flowrate or electrolyte or protein content in the group given the diet rich in olive oil. Amylase activity and output were also lower in this group, as was lipase output, whereas activity and specific activity of chymotrypsin were lower in dogs fed on the diet containing sunflower oil. The differences traceable to the composition of the two types of dietary fat supplied may be related to the balance between factors that stimulate and inhibit pancreatic secretion.

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In this paper we study the effect of long-term adaptation (twelve months) of lipidic parameters of miniature swine to diets enriched in saturated (lard; L-group), monounsaturated (olive-oil; O-group) and polyunsaturated (sunflower and fish-oil; S-and F-groups respectively). The experimental group with the highest level of total cholesterol, free cholesterol and phospholipids was the S-group. This group had as well levels of HDL-C and LDL-C significantly higher when compared with the remaining groups. The L-group had the lowest value of HDL-C. In spite of that, the index of atherogenicity (HDL/LDL+VLDL) was significantly higher in the L-group, followed by the O-, F-and S-group respectively. On the other hand, after 12 months adaptation we observed that the fatty acid composition of serum lipids clearly reflects the quality of the dietary fats. The O-group had significantly higher serum oleic acid levels than all the other groups, and its content in saturated fatty acids was the lowest. The same happens with red blood cell (Rbcs) membranes fatty acids but the effect is less marked. Membranes of the L-group were found to have the highest saturation index (SI) in Rbcs membranes, while the F-group had the highest unsaturation index (UI), followed by the O-group. Taken together, our findings show that the diet enriched in olive oil produces a lipid pattern intermediate between that obtained with the fish-oil-diet and the sunflower-oil-diet but with the advantage of Rbcs membranes with a lower amount of PUFAS.As it is known, membranes with high percentages of PUFAS are more accessible for peroxidation, and the degree of peroxidation of lipids is directly related with changes in the membranes functionality.

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Protein digestibility has been estimated in dog when fed on two similar diets except their lipid quality (virgin olive oil and sunflower oil) from weaning up to 6 months of life. Experiments were carried out at 60, 105 and 150 days of adaptation to either diet. In dog, age does not seem to affect the protein digestive and metabolic utilization when fed on a high lipid content diet. A higher dietary fat percentage led to an increase of the mentioned parameters which could be caused to a delayed gastric emptying due to fat. As far as the fat quality is concerned, an improved protein digestive and metabolic utilization was evidenced in adult animals fed on olive oil. On the other hand, the weight progress was normal in both experimental groups. These results suggest that olive oil may have beneficial effects on protein digestibility as compared to sunflower oil.

Exocrine pancreatic secretion and serum levels of secretin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and gastrin within postprandial 12 hours have been studied in dogs that have undergone a partial ileum resection (last 25 cm) 4 weeks before. In these conditions the following effects were observed: 1) the flow of pancreatic juice secreted after the food intake (1-4h period) was strictly similar to the flow described in intact dogs which did not suffer that surgical manipulation but it came back to its basal value more rapidly; 2) there were no effects regarding the postprandial hormonal pattern; 3) the late pancreatic hypersecretion period that is usually observed in intact dogs within the postprandial 8-12 h period, completely disappeared. These results allow to conclude that the mechanisms inducing the late hypersecretion process that usually takes place within the postprandial 8-12 h in dogs are generated in the distal ileum.

In dogs, the effect of dietary fat on bile cholesterol saturation index and the evolution of molar percentages of biliary lipids have been studied in both fasting and postprandial periods after a long-term adaptation period to diets which only differ in their lipidic source (olive oil and sunflower oil). It has been observed that for similar bile cholesterol saturation indexes in both groups, dietary fat altered differently biliary lipid composition through a double mechanism which involved bile acids and phospholipids. Dietary fat is postulated to affect differently the lipidic composition of bile as well as the biliary tree motility both during interdigestive and postprandial periods.

Background and aims In a study carried out in adults with diabetes mellitus has been shown that monitoring thyroid function is cost effective in patients with positive anti-thyroid antibodies from the start of the illness; but the incidence of hypothyroidism is low in those patients who did not have antibodies from the begging.Although autoimmune thyroiditis is rare in prepuberal age, the aim of our study was to determinate if the data obtained in adults correlates with the paediatric population diagnosed of diabetes mellitus and also to find out how many patients have thyroid antibodies during their follow up and when that positivization occurs. Methods Retrospective descriptive study of 76 paediatric patients diagnosed of diabetes (between 1988 and 2013) at our hospital with available data of anti-thyroid antibodies (anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroperoxidase). Characteristics of age at the begging, Tunner stage, thyroglobulin antibodies, anti-thyroperoxidase, thyroid function, glycosylated haemoglobin and other antibodies were analysed. Results 76 patients were included, 51% were men and 48% women. The mean age of the study population at diagnosis was 8.15 years (1-16), Tunner stage 1 in 61% of cases, with mean baseline TSH of 2.9 mUI/L. In an isolated case positive anti-thyroid antibodies were detected at the begging before puberty. Among all the patients with no anti-thyroid antibodies at the diagnosed of the illness, 3 patients had thyroid antibodies at prebuberal age and 6 after puberty, with a mean age 12.1 years at the time of the positivization (8-16 years). Conclusions Most of the patients have negative anti-thyroid antibody titles at diagnosis, positivization often occurs after puberty or in adulthood, that suggests monitoring thyroid function is not cost effective in paediatric patients. 10.1136/archdischild-2014-307384.734 Background and aims Given the heritability of a diabetic predisposition and the need for a timely initiation of screening and preventive measures it seems prudent to identify infants from (a) a mother with preexisting diabetes mellitus (DM) or (b) with gestational diabetes (GDM), in contrast to infants with simple macrosomia (M). Methods Identification of pregnant women with DM, GDM or fetal macrosomia in a level III obstetric department over a period of 5 months, using fetal ultrasound, medical history, oral glucose tolerance test and further variables. Collection of anthropometric and metabolic data from mother and infant. PO-0061 ARE CLINICAL OR METABOLIC VARIABLES USEFUL TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN AN INFANT OF