A 25-year-old woman with history of lupus, pulmonary embolism, and inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement presented with two days of right back, shoulder, and chest pain. Her vital signs were within normal limits, and physical examination of the chest, back, shoulder, heart, and lungs was unremarkable. A chest radiograph revealed two thin radiopaque foreign bodies overlying the right lung and right side of the heart (Figure 1). Bedside cardiac ultrasonography was performed, demonstrating a hyperechoic structure in the right ventricle (Video, Figure 2), which moved dynamically with cardiac contractions.
This chapter uses clinical vignettes and multiple-choice questions to explore core and advanced principles gynecological ultrasound, including evaluation of vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain, tubo-ovarian abscess, ovarian cysts, ovarian cancer and more. The cases will assess image acquisition pearls and pitfalls, image interpretation, false positive and negative findings, and integration into patient management. Clinical vignettes will include patients presenting with a wide variety of gynecological pathology that are commonly seen in emergency departments and other clinics. Each case will include detailed explanations for correct and incorrect answer choices, incorporating landmark studies as well as the latest literature that clinical sonographers will find of interest.
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