Kampala and part of Wakiso districts and included children (0-14 years) and adolescents (15-19 years). The data was analysed using SPSS. Findings: A total of 752 patients, 71.7% (n¼539) were children (0-14 years) and 29.3% (n¼213) were adolescents (15-19 years) diagnosed with cancer between January, 2009 and December, 2014. Among the children, Hodgkin lymphoma was 21%, 12% Kaposi Sarcoma, 9% nephroblastoma, 7% retinoblastoma, 11% unspecified malignancies and 40% others. Among the adolescents, 20% were Kaposi Sarcoma, 18% Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 8% Hodgkin lymphoma, 7% Hodgkin Lymphoma, 6% Chronic Myeloid leukaemia and 41% other malignancies. The age adjusted incidence per one million of childhood malignancies were; Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (26), Kaposi Sarcoma (14.95), Nephroblastoma (9.2). Age Adjusted Incidence Rate of adolescent malignancies were; Kaposi Sarcoma (10.05), Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (4.31), Hodgkin lymphoma (3.59). Retiniblastoma and nephroblastoma were found in only children. Interpretation: Among the children, the findings from this study differed from that in countries outside Africa. Haematological malignancies, solid tumors brain tumors were the most common cases of childhood and adolescent cancers. In Kenya and Rwanda, the most common were Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, leukaemia, Kaposi Sarcoma and nephroblastoma respectively. Among the adolescents, the incidence was quite similar to those in Countries outside Africa, with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma being the most common. The trends of adolescent cancers in Uganda were quite similar to those in other African countries although Kaposi Sarcoma was the most incident which was not the case with other African countries. In Zimbabwe, leukaemia, osteosarcoma, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Kaposi sarcoma had the highest incidence rates.
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