It is well known that primary systemic amyloidosis [light chain (AL) amyloidosis] is associated with hidden dyscrasia or multiple myeloma. Acquired cutis laxa (cutis laxa acquisita; CLA) has also been described in patients with plasma cell dyscrasias, including multiple myeloma. We report a case in which haemorrhagic oral bullae were the first sign of an undiagnosed primary systemic amyloidosis related to multiple myeloma IgG-λ and previously diagnosed CLA. There is only one report in literature of this rare triple association; however, in that case the patient did not have oral mucosal involvement or bullous amyloidosis.
Pyogenic granuloma, also named lobular capillary hemangioma, is a common proliferative vascular lesion known as a benign condition despite its rapid growth. It may appear in any cutaneous or mucosal surface but is usually restricted to the oral cavity. It is characterized by a friable mulberry-like lesion that can be sessile or pedunculated. Bleeding is usually its first clinical manifestation. Locations on respiratory, digestive and genital tracts are uncommon and sporadic. We describe the occurrence of an intravaginal pyogenic granuloma in a peripubertal girl with recurrent vaginal bleeding. This is the first reported case of a genital tract lobular capillary hemangioma in pediatric age to our knowledge. Therefore, we suggest this entity in the differential diagnosis of an unclear peripubertal vaginal bleeding.
Background
Anal cancer, although rare, is susceptible to early diagnosis. There is a group of patients who are at high risk for anal cancer, including immunocompromised individuals and particularly people living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH). In 2010, an anal cancer screening programme was implemented at the University Hospital La Paz (Hospital Universitario La Paz [HULP]) in Madrid, Spain, to diagnose and treat high‐grade squamous epithelial lesions (HSIL), which are the precursor to anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC).
Objective
To describe the characteristics of patients with ASCC diagnosed during the last 20 years in a Spanish tertiary hospital, and to identify differences between those diagnosed before and after the screening programme was implemented.
Methods
A retrospective, single‐centre study was conducted in a tertiary care centre. Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal or perianal canal between September 2000 and September 2020 at HULP were analysed.
Results
Forty‐three patients diagnosed with ASCC were included; 55% of them were immunosuppressed and no differences were found in terms of the period distribution of these patients. In the second period, more cases of ASCC were diagnosed in PLWH, but they had a higher CD4(+) T cell nadir count. Although more T1–T2 tumours were observed in the second period studied, the difference in tumour size between periods was not statistically significant (p = 0.103). In 23% of patients, HSIL was present before diagnosis (median time to progression: 67.6 months). At the start of the screening programme, four patients in follow‐up were diagnosed with ASCC. In addition, five patients who were not in follow‐up (despite meeting the criteria of the screening programme) were also diagnosed, but at more advanced stages.
Conclusions
During the last decade, the cases of ASCC diagnosed in our hospital have not decreased, likely due to the increasing global incidence of this disease, but also to the activity of our screening programme. Nevertheless, four PLWH included in the screening programme were diagnosed at earlier stages of the disease.
Cirsoid aneurysm is a small vascular proliferation characterized by small to medium-sized channels with features of arteries and veins, that present as small, blue or red asymptomatic papule. We report a case of a crisoid aneurysm on the forhead of an HIV patient that suggested a Kaposi sarcoma as a differential diagnosis.
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