Background: The intent of this study was to predict conversion of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) to open surgery employing artificial neural networks (ANN).

Background:Increasing evidence shows the importance of young age, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) status, and HER-2 expression in patients with breast cancers.Patients and methods:We organized an analytic cross-sectional study of 105 women diagnosed with breast cancer who have been operated on between 2008 to 2010. We evaluated age, size, hormone receptor status, HER-2 and P53 expression as possible indicator of lymph node involvement.Results:There is a direct correlation between positive progesterone receptor status and being younger than 40 (P < 0.05). Also, compared with older women, young women had tumors that were more likely to be large in size and have higher stages (P < 0.05). Furthermore patients with negative progesterone receptor status were more likely to have HER-2 overexpression (P < 0.05). The differences in propensity to lymph node metastasis between hormone receptor statuses were not statically significant.Conclusions:Although negative progesterone receptor tumors were more likely to have HER-2 overexpression, it is possible that higher stage and larger size breast cancer in younger women is related to positive progesterone receptor status.

Relaparoscopy is an effective procedure in the management of minor bile leakage after laparoscopic cholecystectomy and can be an alternative approach in selected situations.