Klebsiella pneumoniae is a nosocomial pathogen commonly implicated in hospital outbreaks with a propensity for antimicrobial resistance towards mainstay β-lactam antibiotics and multiple other antibiotic classes. The successful proliferation, transmission and infection of the Gram-negative bacterium can be attributed to a myriad of factors including host factors, environmental factors, virulence factors and a large repertoire of antibiotic resistance mechanisms. The poor treatment outcomes and limited treatment options are consequences of the successful pathogenesis and spread of antibiotic resistance in the increasingly common β-lactamase producing K. pneumoniae bacterium. The review briefly explores the biology, successful pathogenesis and antibiotic resistance of K. pneumoniae as well as the detection and characterisation techniques of important strains.
lates were found to be 23.3% (41/176) and intermediate resistance rate was 14.2% (25/176) for oral penicillin. Penicillin susceptibility testing, yielded a 43% overall resistance to penicillin with 42.3% of strains isolated from CSF(meningitis), and only 0.7% in other samples. Resistance to cefotaxime which were isolated from CSF was 3.8% and from non-meningitis was 2%. Erythromycin resistance was detected as 25%. No resistance was detected to moxifloxacin. The most common S.pneumoniae serotypes were determined as serotype 3(13.6%), 19A(9.1%), 19F(8%) and 6B(5.1%). Serotypes 19A and 19F exibited higher rates of penicilin and erythromycin resistance. The coverage rate for 13-valent conjugated vaccine is 49.4%.Conclusion: Vaccination with 13-valent conjugated vaccine seems to be appropriate for adults in our country.
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