Groundwater quality in Hyderabad has special significance and needs great attention of all concerned since it is the major alternate source of domestic, industrial and drinking water supply. The present study monitors the ground water quality, relates it to the land use / land cover and maps such quality using Remote sensing and GIS techniques for a part of Hyderabad metropolis. Thematic maps for the study are prepared by visual interpretation of SOI toposheets and linearly enhanced fused data of IRS-ID PAN and LISS-III imagery on 1:50,000 scale using AutoCAD and ARC/INFO software. Physico-chemical analysis data of the groundwater samples collected at predetermined locations forms the attribute database for the study, based on which, spatial distribution maps of major water quality parameters are prepared using curve fitting method in Arc View GIS software. Water Quality Index (WQI) was then calculated to find the suitability of water for drinking purpose. The overall view of the water quality index of the present study area revealed that most of the study area with > 50 standard rating of water quality index exhibited poor, very poor and unfit water quality except in places like Banjara Hills, Erragadda and Tolichowki. Appropriate methods for improving the water quality in affected areas have been suggested.

[1] Systematic investigations of optical dayglow emissions at OI 557.7, OI 630.0, and OI 777.4 nm have been carried out simultaneously over a large field of view (~140°). These emission intensities are obtained during January-March in the years 2011 and 2012 from Hyderabad (17.5°N, 78.5°E), India, using a high spectral resolution multiwavelength imaging echelle spectrograph. Spectral analyses of planetary wave type periodicities in all the dayglow emission intensities are performed, and their association with lower atmospheric and direct solar forcings is presented. This analysis revealed that periods near the atmospheric free normal modes of 5, 10, 16, and 25 days (which are produced mainly in the troposphere) are found to register their presence in the upper atmospheric emission intensities. In an earlier study during high solar activity period (2001), sunspot numbers (SSNs) and the daily averaged OI 630.0 nm dayglow intensities were seen to be covarying. In contrast, the variability in the dayglow emission intensities during relatively low solar activity epoch (2011) shows no or weaker correlation with that of the SSN but a greater similarity with that of the equatorial electrojet strength. Periodicities of both lower atmospheric normal modes and those related to sunspots are found during moderate solar activity (2012). Based on this analysis, it appears that the upper atmospheric dayglow emissions respond mainly to lower atmospheric forcing during low solar activity, solar forcing in high solar activity, and both during moderate solar activity level.

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Water being the source of life has become a scarce resource in this millennium. Since the limited resource availability, reuse of the available supply is more suggestible. For the said goal, many technologies prevail addressing the task, among which is the technique Phytoremediation. Loads of waste waters gets generated from industrial, commercial and domestic origins and is discarded. Phytoremediation converts this waste water into usable water with the help of plants. This is a very ecofriendly technique which decontaminate the waste water in a very economical way. This review article thus emphasizes on this technique process in detail with special emphases on recent studies carried out for Industrial wastewater treatment. The main conclusions arrive at focusing to develop better economic models to handle abundant quantities of wastewater with varied characteristics, overall decontamination efficiency when compared with other conventional techniques.