The adsorption of buprenorphine on carbon paste electrodes has been studied by cyclic (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). By applying a simple electrode pretreatment good reproducibility of the current signal is obtained (RSD 0.85 %, n 6 in CV and RSD 0. 35 %, n 6 in DPV for a 5.0610 À7 M buprenorphine concentration in BR buffer pH 9.0). These methods permit a very sensitive (LD 2.0610 À8 M) and selective determination. They were applied to the quantitation of buprenorphine in human urine coming from subjects following buprenorphine treatment. The methodology was coupled to a¯ow system incorporating a thin-layer¯ow cell. A linear response was obtained in the concentration range comprised between 1.0610 À8 and 8.0610 À7 M. The application to the determination of this molecule in pharmaceuticals (vials and tablets) and human urine without any sample pretreatment is studied.

SummaryA simple, selective and rapid reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography method with electrochemical detection is described for the analysis of buprenorphine in human serum and urine. Biological samples are easily prepared and separated on a Cls column employing acetonitrile, tetrahyclrofurane and sodium acetate as mobile phase. The composition and pH of this phase is discussed. Electrochemical detection is carried out on a glassy carbon electrode held at +0.70 V (vs. Ag/AgCI). The limit of detection is 4 x 10 -s M; the linearil',/extents belween 5 x 10 -s and 3 x 10 -6 M. High precision and recoveries were obtained. Separation from norbuprenorphine, its metabohte, is achieved in serum and urine. No interferences from the 13 substances checked were found.

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