The effect of green and brown seaweeds supplementation on laying performance, egg quality, serum lipid profile and antioxidant capacity was evaluated in Japanese quails. Five groups of Japanese quails (total = 180; 120 hens + 60 males) of 10 wks old were fed on diets without or with green (GS) and brown (BS) seaweeds, each at 1.5 and 3% for 14 weeks. Results indicate that GS and BS supplementation significantly improved egg-laying rate and increase egg number, egg weight and egg mass and decrease feed conversion ratio (FCR). However, feed consumption (FC) was not significantly affected by experimental treatments. The GS and BS supplemented groups led to improve the eggshell thickness, also helped to improve the egg yolk weight, index and color compared to the control. Supplementing dried GS and BS significantly decreased the value of Haugh unit, total lipids and total cholesterol content of egg yolk as well as displayed higher fertility and hatchability percentages than those of the control group. Quails received dried GS and BS treatments had a higher dressing percentage and a lesser percentage of abdominal fat compared to the control group. Serum total lipids, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL values were significantly decreased compared to the control. There were significant effects on enzymatic antioxidant activity of blood serum (malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase). It is concluded that green and brown seaweeds supplementation can improve egg-laying performance and had a positive effect on fertility and hatchability values and resulted in significant reduction in total lipids and total cholesterol in the serum and yolk while enhancing total antioxidant capacity in blood serum as well as positively affecting economic parameters. Thus, these results suggested that green and brown seaweeds can be used safely as a feed additive in diets for laying Japanese quail.
The current study reported important characteristic features of the 4‐[(4‐aminophenyl)‐(4‐imino‐3‐methylcyclohexa‐2,5‐dien‐1‐ylidene)methyl]aniline hydrochloride known as fuchsin basic dye (FB). The thermal decomposition behavior of the dye was scrutinized through thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Besides, the acid dissociation constants of FB were evaluated by analyzing its electronic spectra at different pH values. In addition, a docking study was also carried out to investigate the binding affinity between the FB dye and two selected proteins (3t88 and 1bqb) of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. The docked complex of the dye with the target proteins exhibits moderate scoring energy values (−5.2025 and −5.5762 kcal/mol where the receptors are bonded to the dye through H‐bonds of lengths that are less than 3.5 Å. The dye was also tested for its antimicrobial activity against two Gram‐positive and two Gram‐negative bacterial species. The results revealed moderate to good activity against Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus pyogenes species compared to amoxicillin 0.1 % as a reference control.
This study was carried out at in the Agricultural Experimental Farm of Alexandria University during 1996 -98 seasons. The main objectives of the study were determing the genetic effects that control yield, yield components, plant height and silking date in maize. Two crosses were used for applying Gamble model (1962). One of the two crosses represented early maturing parents, whereas, the second included full season parents. Data from parents, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 were used in the analysis. The main results of the study were; 1.Heterotic effects were positive and significant for most characters in both crosses except for silking date in both crosses and ear height in cross II relative to the high parent, over-dominance was responsible for heterotic effects of grain yield and its components in both crosses. 2.Negative heterotic effects were found for silking date suggesting fruitful selection for earlier hybrids from in these populations. 3.Dominance effects were significant for most characters except for, silking date in cross II. Also, additive effects were significant except for ear height in cross I. Epistatic effects were found responsible and significant for most of the studied traits. 4.Heritability estimates for all studied characters ranged between high estimates for grain yield/plant, ear length, ear diameter and ear height in both crosses through moderate estimates for plant height and 100kernels weight in cross II to low estimates for silking date in cross I. 5.Estimates of heritability were reflected on expected genetic advance from selection within F2,.The present estimates of genetic gain of selection are expected to be higher than anticipated due to the presence of epistasis. However, they showed that the selection would be effective in improving grain yield in both populations. The first cross is recommended for the breeder interesting in developing high yielding earlier synthetics.
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