Frozen shoulder or adhesive capsulitis is one of the most common causes of shoulder pain and disability in the general population. Its prevalence is 2-5% in the general population and 10-20% among diabetics. It predominantly affects females and most commonly affects people between the ages of 40 and 60 years. The left shoulder is more likely to be affected, with both shoulders affected in 12% of cases. A case study is presented to illustrate the clinical presentation, aetiology, diagnosis, radiological assessment, and management of frozen shoulder through Hijamah bila shurt (dry cupping) in a 60-year-old diabetic male patient. The present case was studied for over 8 weeks; Hijamah (dry cupping) was done on prescribed points for the affected shoulder twice a week for 8 weeks, and assessment was done at baseline and every 2 weeks. This study concluded that regimental therapy Hijamah bila shurt (dry cupping) has a significant effect in reducing pain, stiffness of joints, and increasing range of motion in frozen shoulder.
The scope of Unani medicine is increasing day by day as people are becoming more interested in herbal and organic world. However, Unani (herbal) knowledge needs to be coupled with scientific documented research done to verify its efficacy. The aim of this paper is to provide updated knowledge on hypertension and its management in the Unani system of medicine. Hypertension is a major health hazard globally especially in developed countries. In the Unani system of medicine, there are mudirrat (diuretics) to reduce body fluids and minerals, and musakkin (relaxants) and munawwim (sedatives) are also advised by Unani physicians to reduce anxiety. Unani physician, Razi recommends venesection for this particular ailment. Unani physicians have given the concept of hypertension as “Imtila-ba-Hasb-ul-Auiya” and have said that this occurs due to sue-e-mizaj damwi and comes under the heading of Imtila. Literally ‘Imtala’ means gathering and fullness of the body with madda (fluids). To be precise, it means there is a buildup of normal or abnormal fluids in the body. Unani physicians were all aware of the concept of Zaghta e damwi (blood pressure). Systole as ‘Zaghta-e-Inqabazi’ and diastole as ‘Zaghta-e-Inbesati’ is well depicted in the Unani literature. Most of the world’s population, mainly in developing countries, use herbal medicines for primary health care because of their ancient tradition, culture, and minor side effects. Various kinds of research have been conducted regarding the hypotensive and antihypertensive therapeutic values of local medicinal plants in the recent past, and they have provided evidence for the antihypertensive effects of some of these plants.
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