The present article discusses how terrains of belonging are constructed and articulated textually through historical novels which bring the past into the present, and link the national identity of people to memories of their ancestors, to their nation’s glorious past. The rise of the historical novel in Iran was concomitant with Iran’s Constitutional Revolution of 1906, which was hailed by many a critic and historian as a major time of sociopolitical awakening which contributed to protecting the cultural legacies of the past and keeping aglow the propitious light of belonging and nationhood. Historiography has been a fecund ground for Iranian fiction-writers in which to retrieve a sense of national identity. This article aims at showing how Persian historical novels foreground the symbiotic relationship between remembering and belonging, and open up texts to their national significances.
The present article is an attempt to offer a fresh critical reading of Samuel Taylor Coleridge's poem "Frost at Midnight" based on the theoretical ideas of Jacques Lacan on desire and subjectivity. Coleridge's desire for a unified subjectivity lulls him into the dream of a bright future for his son, while the only ethical thing for him to do, from the psychoanalytical point of view, is to accept the split and, having traversed the fantasy and subjectified the cause of this split, to take responsibility for his unconscious mind. It is no wonder, then, that the poem begins and ends with the description of “frost’s secret ministry”; after all, the endless pursuit of desire qua the Other in search of a lost object which would complete the puzzle of one’s life is no pursuit at all; the act of moving in a circle of course means there is no actual movement or change in location.
The aim of the research is to identify common and unique features of simple verbs in the modern Ossetian and Persian languages. Scientific novelty lies in taking a comprehensive approach to studying the issue: the peculiarities and common features of verb stems, infinitive forms, formation of causative forms, structural and word-formation types of simple verbs in the Ossetian and Persian languages are described. As a result, it has been proved that regular and irregular verbs in the Ossetian and Persian languages have more similarities than differences. Thus, Persian regular verbs form the past tense stem by attaching the suffix -d or -id to the present tense stem, while similar stems in the Ossetian language have the suffix -t or -d; irregular verbs are characterised by the same number of vowel or consonant alternations in the present and past tense stems. It has been found that the Ossetian simple verb does not have a structural and word-formation type equivalent to Persian similar-to-regular verbs. It has turned out that preverbs in the Ossetian language are combined not only with verbs of action and movement and possess aspectual and deictic meanings in addition to spatial meanings.
The question of the viceroyalty of man on Earth, to which the thirieth ayat of Al-Baqarah Surah is dedicated, is one of the problems in Islamic studies that many interpreters have debated and are still debating. As part of this discussion, the authors have analyzed four points of view, namely Rukh al-Maani and al-Manar of the Sunni brand, al-Mizan and Tasnim of the Shiite brand in order to determine the theological position on the presence of the Viceroy on Earth before the day of judgment and the purpose of his presence after the death of Muham-mad. The authors turned to the thematic interpretation of the Quran in the works of selected the-ologians, analyzed their content and investigated the question of the presence of the Viceroy as a perfect human being, as the Caliph. The opinions of the selected interpreters are similar on most questions about the Caliphate, especially on the need to continue the Viceroyalty of the Caliphate in all epochs until the day of judgment. Some discrepancies in the Shiite and Sunni traditions in Islam, in some issues, including the definition of the Caliph in the period after the prophets have been identified
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