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This study aimed to use red algae Pterocladia capillacea as functional food. Red algae was incorporated in the formulations of balady bread at 2, 3 and 4 %. The effect of supplementation on chemical composition, minerals content, physical, chemical, and sensory properties of balady bread besides, rheological properties of wheat flour were studied. The protein, lipid, ash and fiber contents in red algae were 25.21, 2.28, 25.13 and 11.29%, respectively. Red algae was rich in all minerals compared to wheat flour. Only, phosphorous was higher in wheat flour than in red algae. Red algae was rich in the total essential amino acids. Rheological properties indicated that water absorption increased gradually from 54.2% for the control wheat flour dough to 62.2% for wheat flour dough supplemented with 4% red algae. Also, dough development time increased slightly for wheat flour supplemented with different levels of red algae. Balady bread supplemented with 4% red algae had the highest fiber and ash contents (2.33 and 2.20%, respectively). Supplementation of balady bread with tested red algae led to increasing the minerals content. Firmness values decreased by increasing red algae levels compared to the control balady bread. Organoleptic evaluation indicated that control balady bread and bread supplemented with 2% red algae exhibited good organoleptic properties score.

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Background: Cataract surgery alone has gained more acceptance as an alternative surgical approach for primary angle closure glaucoma management. This view was supported by the recent advances in phacoemulsification and intraocular lenses, which possess a greater safety and a quicker visual recovery, in addition to a substantial reduction of intraocular pressure, deepening of the anterior chamber, and widening the filtration angle. Aim of Study:The current study is to evaluate the effects of phacoemulsification and Intraocular Lens (IOL) implantation versus phacotrabeculectomy on IOP in eyes with PACG and coexisting cataract. Patients and Methods:The current study is a randomized control study that has been conducted on 40 patients who were diagnosed to have PACG and chronic narrow angle glaucoma. Patients were recruited and followed in the Department of Ophthalmology, Mansoura University and were divided into 2 groups; (Group A) patients who underwent phacoemulsification and IOL implantation, and (Group B) patients who underwent phacotrabeculectomy and IOL implantation.

A field experiment was carried out at the Experimental Farm in Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt, to study the effect of saline irrigation water, potassium silicate and their interaction treatments on growth and chemical contents of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehn. seedlings during the two successive seasons of 2013 and 2014. The seedlings were irrigated with tap water (control) one month after transplanting two times/week. The saline irrigation water was prepared from seawater obtained from Suez Canal in Ismailia region, included five treatments (control (tap water), 3000, 6000, 9000 and 12000 ppm),. Plants were irrigated with the treatments twice/week during 10 month starting 1 month after planting at the rate of 5 liters per plant. Seedlings were sprayed with potassium silicate levels (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 cm 3 /l) one time every month during 10 months. The results showed that, vegetative growth characters (percent of plant height and stem diameter increment, fresh and dry weights of leaves, stem and roots/plant), chemical contents in the leaves (N, P, K, chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids) and some physical properties of wood [specific gravity (g/ml), lignin % and fiber length (mm)] were decreased with the high rates of saline irrigation water, but raised with the highest concentration of potassium silicate. However, the relative water content (RWC), sodium and proline contents in the leaves were increased by increasing the concentration of saline irrigation water but decreased when using the high rate of potassium silicate. The results revealed that, potassium silicate application alleviates the detrimental effect of salinity stress on vegetative growth, chemical content and physical properties of wood in this study.