In this study, the response of two homogeneous parallel beams with two-parameter Pasternak elastic foundation subjected to a constant uniform partially distributed moving force is considered. On the basis of Euler-Bernoulli beam theory, the fourth order partial differential equations of motion describing the behavior of the beams when subjected to a moving force were formulated. In order to solve the resulting initial-boundary value problem, finite Fourier sine integral technique and differential transform scheme were employed to obtain the analytical solution. The dynamic responses of the two beams obtained was investigated under moving force conditions using MATLAB. The effects of speed of the moving force, layer parameters such as stiffness (K_0) and shear modulus (G_0 ) have been conducted for the moving force. Various values of speed of the moving load, stiffness parameters and shear modulus were considered. The results obtained indicates that response amplitudes of both the upper and lower beams increases with increase in the speed of the moving load. Increasing the stiffness parameter is observed to cause a decrease in the response amplitudes of the beams. The response amplitudes decreases with increase in the shear modulus of the linear elastic layer.

In this paper, the Adomian Decomposition Method (ADM) is employed in solving second order ordinary differential equation. Numerical algorithm was developed. The decomposition method provides a solution as an infinite series in which terms can easily be determined. It is observed that the method is practically suited for initial value problems. The method is effective and easy to implement. The results were presented in both tabular and graphical forms.

In this paper, the effects of hematocrit of red blood cells on blood flow through a stenosed human carotid artery was considered by taking blood as a Newtonian fluid. The governing equations on blood flow were derived. The mathematical content involved in the equations are the variables of interest such as number of stenosis , percentage of hematocrit  of red blood cells in the blood, flow rate, wall shear stress, and viscosity of the blood. Guided by medical data collected on the constraint of blood flow in stenosed human carotid arteries, the governing equations were used to check the effects of pressure gradient, wall shear stress, velocity, and volumetric flow rate of blood in the human carotid arteries. Also, the one-dimensional equation for the steady and axially symmetric flow of blood through an artery was transformed using Einstein’s coefficient of viscosity and hematocrit of red blood cells with the help of the boundary conditions. The effects of hematocrit on the blood flow characteristics are shown graphically and discussed briefly. It was discovered that the resistance increases as the level of hematocrit increases. Also, the wall shear stress decreases with the increase in the hematocrit level of the red blood cells.

Purpose This study aims to analyse the level of awareness and knowledge of Islamic accounting among accounting students in the Nigerian universities. Furthermore, the study also compares the students’ understanding of Islamic and conventional accounting. Design/methodology/approach The study used survey research design through the administration of questionnaire on a sample of university undergraduate and post-graduate accounting students across the north-west region in Nigeria. The data generated for the study was analysed using Cronbach’s alpha, mean, standard deviation and inferential statistics. Findings The study found that the accounting students have an adequate awareness and basic knowledge of Islamic accounting as they were able to contrast Islamic accounting from conventional accounting. Also, in their aspiration towards learning Islamic accounting, they agreed that Islamic accounting should be made a compulsory course in accounting curriculum. Research limitations/implications This study focusses on north-west region of Nigeria. Hence, data and more in-depth analysis can be further improved by considering a whole country as diverse as Nigeria. Also, only a questionnaire was used by the study. Hence, further studies can use face-to-face interviews to fully extract the awareness and knowledge of the target respondents. Lastly, majority of the respondents are Muslims given the area where the study was conducted, hence, non-Muslims are not properly represented. Practical implications Despite its limitations, this study is still of importance in providing insights on both undergraduate and post-graduate students’ level of awareness and knowledge of Islamic accounting. This course is unique as it is different in orientation compared with other existing courses on offer. This paper also provides an invaluable insight, therefore, National University Commission of Nigeria, Islamic institutions and professional bodies like Institute of Chartered Accountants of Nigeria and Association of National Accountants of Nigeria should make continues effort towards promoting the awareness and knowledge of Islamic accounting by properly integrating same into academic and professional curricula and other training and sensitisation programs. In doing so, Islamic accounting subjects could be introduced as independent courses for selection by the student. Courses like Islamic Accounting and Finance, Accounting for Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs), Accounting for Waqf, Accounting for Zakat, Shariah auditing, Corporate Shariah Governance, Education and Ethics could be introduced across levels to enable students learn more of Islamic accounting. Social implications Proper integration of Islamic accounting into academic and professional courses would greatly contribute to the production of experts most importantly ethical and God-fearing accountants for the growth and development of IFIs in Nigeria. Originality/value This paper examines Nigerian university undergraduate and post-graduate students’ level of awareness and knowledge of Islamic accounting in the north-west region of Nigeria.

This paper investigates the effects of thermal radiation and variable viscosity flow down along an inclined plane with boundary conditions at free surface. The major problem includes internal heat generation, increase or decrease in temperature, and other thermophysical properties. The thermophysical properties include Grashof number, Nusselt number, Viscosity and Solar radiation parameter. The problems created have not been examined. Thus, this work examined the effect of temperature and velocity profiles on the various values of coefficient of viscosity, also the effects of solar radiation parameter on the major property of the fluid flow down along an inclined plane. The partial differential equations for the problem are continuity, momentum and energy equations. These are nonlinear dimensionless equations governing the fluid flow down the inclined plane using integration method. The equations for the fluid flow, temperature and velocity of the problem are reduced to their final forms using perturbation method. Analytical expressions are employed to obtain the value of the velocity and temperature profiles in terms of parameters under the considerations in the flow field. The parameters are the major factors influencing the properties of the fluid flow down along an inclined plane. Hence, the viscosity of the fluid increases as the velocity of the fluid decreases while increase in the solar radiation parameter increases velocity of the fluid. Also the quantities of radiant energy absorbed by the fluid flow bring changes in the temperature of the fluid. Increase in Nusselt decreases the velocity of the fluid. Grashof number increases while the temperature of the fluid decreases. In conclusion, viscosity of the fluid decreases with an increase in temperature due to cohesion and molecular momentum exchange between fluid layer and the parameters are found to have a significant effect over the velocity and temperature profiles of the fluid flow down an inclined plane at free surface. It will also useful for the 13 industries in the production of the various fluids (liquid or gas) such as vegetable oil, palm oil and steam generation along an inclined plane and so on.

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The study of dynamic response of beam-like structures to moving or static loads has attracted and still attracting a lot of attention due to its wide range of applications in the construction and transportation industry especially when transverse by travelling masses. Hence, analytical solution for the boundary value problem (BVP) of elastic beams subjected to distributed load was investigated. The partial differential equation of order four were analysed to determine the dynamic response of the elastic beam under consideration and solved analytically. Effects of different parameters such as the mass of the load, the length of the moving load, the distance covered by the moving load, the speed of the moving and the axial force were considered. Result revealed that the values of the deflection with acceleration being considered increases than the system where acceleration of the moving load is negligible.

Analytical solution for the boundary value problem (BVP) of elastic beams subjected to distributed load was investigated. Based on the study, dynamic application curves are developed for beam deflection. The partial differential equation of order four were analysed to determine the dynamic response of the elastic beam under consideration and solved analytically. Effects of different parameters such as the mass of the load, the length of the moving load, the distance covered by the moving load, the speed of the moving and the axial force were considered. Result revealed that the values of the deflection with acceleration being considered are higher than the system where acceleration of the moving load is negligible. These obtained results are in agreement with the existing results.