This study aimed to evaluate the educational environment of the health sciences programs of KLE University, Belgaum, Karnataka, India, to identify their strengths and weaknesses, and to suggest strategies to improve the educational environment to be on par with global standards. A cross-sectional study was conducted using the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM) questionnaire, filled out by 914 of the 1,004 students (91.0%) who were majoring in medicine, dentistry, nursing, physiotherapy, and public health. The data were analysed according to the DREEM guidelines. Responses were received from 914 students, of whom 34.03% were men and 65.9% were women. The majority (67.1%) of students were 20-24 years of age. The mean overall DREEM score was 120.21±22.4 (maximum, 200) and approached the normal distribution (Lilliefors test, P<0.01). The DREEM scores of each group of students were as follows: dental, 125.0; medical, 122.4; public health, 121.0; physiotherapy, 117.0; and nursing, 116.3. Male students had more positive perceptions than female students (P<0.05), and postgraduate students had more positive perceptions than undergraduate students (P<0.05). The overall DREEM score (120.21) indicates that the educational environment was found to be more positive than negative.

Background: The purpose of the study was to analyze the dependence of oral health diseases i.e. periodontal disease by Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) by considering the number of risk factors through the applications of logistic regression model.Methods: This cross sectional study involves a systematic random sample of 600 permanent dentition aged between 18-40 years in Karnataka, India. The mean age was 34.26±7.28. The risk factors of periodontal disease were established by multiple logistic regression models using SPSS 21.0 statistical software.Results: The factors like frequency of brushing, timings of cleaning teeth and type of toothpastes are significant persistent predictors of periodontal disease. The log likelihood value of full model is –1085.7876 and AIC is 1.2577 followed by reduced regression model are -1019.8106 and 1.1748 respectively for periodontal disease. The area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for the periodontal disease is 0.6128 (full model) and 0.5821 (reduced model).Conclusions: The logistic regression model is useful in predicting risk factors like-frequency of brushing, timings of cleaning teeth and type of toothpastes for periodontal disease. The fitting performance of reduced logistic regression model is slightly a better fit as compared to full logistic regression model in identifying the these risk factors for both dichotomous periodontal disease.

Background:The Primary Health Care Setting gives a challenging opportunity for the clinicians to deal with pregnancy into favorable outcomes solely based on the clinical skills in view of innumerable socio-cultural-economic barriers. The Pregnant women make satisfactory progress-to full term, deliver with minimal morbidity, no loss of life and healthy baby-How to ensure? This is the objectives of our study. Suppose Obstetricians spare time, use checklist, Prioritize and provide care will it make any difference in saving mothers? Objectives: Describe in detail the process of Focused Antenatal Care as practiced in Primary Health Care setting and Minimize mortality and morbidity due to pregnancy by 25 percent from 169. (Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR 169). Methods: This is a community based descriptive, prospective, cohort study about a group of pregnant women till their delivery, using multiple cluster random sampling of 251 high risk pregnant women and subsequent follow up over 3 months with focused care. Compilation of data and analysis using SPSS Version 20. Results: Total Study participants 251 represented all the sections of target population with regard to socio-economic and cultural background. The participants attended FANC giving a response rate of 100%. These participants had one or more risk factor. All but 10 participants attended 4 or more FANC clinic visits 241 (96%). In these participants the commonest manageable morbid conditions are underweight (20%), anaemia (14%) preeclampsia (8%), eclampsia (2%) and gestational diabetes. In our finding 87% mothers completed full term pregnancy, 11.5% preterm (>28 but < 37 weeks) while 1.5% Post term. There were 241 live births, 87% Baby weight > 2.5Kg, 13% Baby weight < 2.5 Kg. with an average of 2.9Kg. Conclusions:We are able to describe the Focused ANC and able to help improve the quality of life and to minimize morbidity and mortality in pregnant women.

Background: Aim of the study was to examine the under nutrition among infants aged one to twelve months. Also, find out the influence of infant feeding practices on baby weight by the first birthday. This was a prospective cohort study to collect the data by visiting the village health centres.Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of infants. We enlisted 157 new-born infants by a multi-cluster random sampling method representing the entire Primary Health Centre area. We obtained the written consent of mothers who participate in our study. These babies are followed up by periodic visits for a year. The data compiled, descriptive summary made, analysed with the Kolmogorov Smirnov test, chi-square test to infer statistical significance using SPSS 20.00 Software.Results: There were 157 babies (n) who met the inclusion criteria, Male 51%, female 49%, Birth order ≤2 are 85%, Gestational age ≥38 weeks are 85%, all the babies gained weight, however, only 73.9% of them weighed more than third percentile growth curve, at the first birthday. Among those babies who weighed less, 6% of babies too low weight, less active, while 20% is thin and active. A significant relationship is seen between the baby weight with feeding practices, Clinical Features, and lactation at a 5% level (p<0.05).Conclusions: The under nutrition has its origin in infancy. In our observation, 26.1% of babies remained undernourished by their first birthday. The main reasons for under nutrition is inadequate to breastfeed, an inherent lack of appetite, and imbalanced feeding practices.

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