The background ecological situation on Pekhorka river of the Balashikha district is determined by its location in the eastern part of the Moscow agglomeration. Most of the neighboring industrial centers are located to the west of it, from the side of the prevailing winds. Enterprises harm the air state during construction works. The vast majority of the enterprises are concentrated on the territory of Balashikha. The article discusses an example of calculating air pollution from the enterprise influencing the environmental pollution on the river Pekhorka basin. Air samples were taken and data on emissions of substances into the atmosphere were obtained. The calculation of the impact of the enterprise on atmosphere pollution was carried out with a specialized program. As a result, calculation of the dispersion of pollutants concentrations were carried out, the schematic map of the concentrations of substances nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide was created and measurs for the state of atmospheric air were suggested. Studies had shown that substances’ emissions slightly exceed the MPC and or did not exceed the MPC at all. However, it was necessary to carry out the regular atmosphere state monitoring to prevent damage to the environment.
The purpose of the work is to consider methods for calculating the forecast of groundwater backwater in the zone of influence of hydraulic structures. The analysis of the analytical dependencies for calculating the forecast of groundwater backwater for various schemes. A numerical model is proposed and a computational program for calculating the groundwater backwater has been developed for a homogeneous geofiltration structure which allows discretely calculating the groundwater backwater from the canal at any time. To simplify the solution of the problem of calculating the backwater of groundwater, a computer program was created in the Python Version 3.8 programming language, which quickly solves this hydrogeological problem. A possible range of geofiltration parameters is proposed. The results of predictive calculations of groundwater backwater are the basis for assessing the zones of possible flooding - the territory within which the groundwater level rises as a result of backwatering by a hydraulic structure.
Purpose: to identify the relationship of sorption of a complex sorbent with a temperature factor and its mathematical substantiation. Material and methods. As a material for the study, a complex sorbent obtained from a mixture of perlite and agroionite in a ratio of 27:73 was used. The experiment was carried out in laboratory conditions at different temperatures. At certain intervals, when measuring the total salinity of the solutions, the temperature parameter was also measured. During the study, the air temperature was measured. For the experiment, a model water of three salinity levels: 3.1; 5; 7 g/l was used. The weighed portions of a mixture of sorbents weighing 27.5 g with model solutions, 300 ml each, were placed in a reservoir. Measurements were carried out after 5; 10; 20; 30 min; 1; 2; 24; 48 h using a HI 8733 conductometer from Hanna. Results. As a result of the study, the dynamics of the salinity of the model water under the action of a complex sorbent was obtained, a scatter diagram was constructed. It is a statistical analysis tool, with the help of which the dependence and the nature of the relationship between the two process parameters are revealed. According to the results obtained, it can be concluded that there is a positive relationship in the experiments performed. The efficiency of the process depends on temperature readings with a slight deviation. Thus, at an average temperature of 26.3 °C, the total mineralization index is lower than at an average temperature of 19.8 °C. Conclusions. By constructing a scatter diagram and a matrix scatter diagram, a nonlinear relationship between sorption by a complex sorbent and the temperature factor was revealed.
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