logistic regressions to determine if an incident knee injury was associated with the outcome of rapid KOA or non-rapid KOA after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (BMI), presence of static knee malalignment, and systolic blood pressure. We also conducted a secondary analysis by replicating these analyses with 71 additional individuals who had rapid KOA but their contralateral knee had prevalent OA at baseline. This permitted us to test our hypothesis in a larger sample size. Results: Individuals with rapid KOA (n ¼ 54) tended to be older and have greater baseline BMI and systolic blood pressure (Table). Individuals with rapid KOA had a higher incidence of knee injuries, particularly within the 12 months prior to presenting with KL Grade ¼ 3 or 4. An incident knee injury between baseline and meeting our study definition was associated with rapid KOA (odds ratio [OR] ¼ 3.14, 95% confidence interval [CI] ¼ 1.61 to 6.13) but not non-rapid KOA (OR ¼ 1.08, 95% CI ¼ 0.65 to 1.81) after adjusting for sex, baseline age, body mass index, presence of static knee malalignment, and systolic blood pressure. Furthermore, an incident knee injury within the year prior to meeting the study definition was associated with rapid KOA (OR ¼ 8.46, 95% CI ¼ 3.93 to 18.21) and non-rapid KOA (OR ¼ 3.12, 95% CI ¼ 1.65 to 5.89) even after adjustments. Our secondary analyses supported our primary findings. Conclusions: Recent knee injuries are associated with rapid KOA. Most concerning is that certain injuries may initiate a rapid cascade towards joint failure in less than one year. It will be important to determine which injuries increase the risk of non-rapid and rapid KOA.

There were no significant differences in the MRI-based or clinical outcomes between the AWB group and DWB group 5 years after MACI. While the clinical outcomes remained stable, a decline of the MRI-based findings was observed between 2 and 5 years postoperatively. Furthermore, a significant association between bone edema and pain was found. No occurrence of unintended effects was observed.

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