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Under the prevailing overall Conditions of all veterinarians for the diagnosis of biliary diseases, application of surgical procedures and liver transplantation in Cats as carnivorous pet animal, and Rabbits as herbivorous pet animal and also as a human model in research. The present study was constructed on twelve native breeds of rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and eighteen adult domestic cats (Felis catus domesticus). We concluded that, in brief; the rabbit gall bladder was relatively small, fixed by several small hepato-cystic ducts to its fossa. The rabbit bile duct was formed commonly by the junction of the left hepatic duct and the cystic duct. The cystic duct was commonly fairly large, received the right hepatic duct that collected the right lobe in its route to enter the duodenum, the bile duct receives the branch of the caudate process of the caudate lobe. The present study revealed other four anatomic variations dealing with the shape and size of the feline native breed's gall bladder from fundic duplication, bilobed, truncated fundus and distended rounded fundus. Commonly, the bile duct was formed by the triple convergence of the left and the right hepatic ducts with the cystic duct. However, in some exceptional cases a short common hepatic duct was formed.Sonographically, the normal gall bladder in rabbit appeared small, elongated with anechoic lumen bordered by right lobe laterally and quadrate lobe medially and has no visible wall, but in cat varied in conformation, bordered by the right medial lobe laterally and the quadrate lobe medially surrounded by echogenic wall.

Background: Characterization of an ovarian lesion is a diagnostic challenge. A correct preoperative assessment is of great importance so as to arrange adequate therapeutic procedures. The aim of the current study is to evaluate the diagnostic performance of functional MRI in differentiation between malignant, borderline, and benign ovarian masses. Results: This study included 56 adnexal lesions. Bilateral synchronous ovarian lesions are detected in 16 cases. Postoperative histologically proved to be benign in 17 (30%), borderline (low potential malignancy) in 12 (22%), and malignant in 27 (48%). The overall diagnostic performance of conventional MRI in the diagnosis of adenexal lesion was a sensitivity of 74%, specificity of 47%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 76%, negative predictive value (NPV) of 44%, and an accuracy of 66%. Functional pelvic MRI examination showed an increase in overall diagnostic performance compared to conventional values with the highest sensitivity of 90% and NPV of 67% using DWI, and the highest specificity of 88%, PPV of 94%, and an accuracy of 82% using DCE MRI. Conclusion: Functional MRI in conjugation with conventional MRI plays a key role in the ovarian lesion detection, characterization, and staging. Functional MRI is currently being evaluated as possible predictive and prognostic biomarkers in ovarian lesions.

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