Non-conventional distributed renewable energy sources like wind and solar are increasingly becoming popular world over. A significant amount of these energy sources are expected to be connected to the distribution network due to their low spatial density. But the intermittent and random nature of these sources challenges the stability of the network. As such the power imbalance and hence the voltage fluctuation caused should be addressed to allow high penetration of these renewable energy sources.
Controllable loads and Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEV) has high potential to arrest the power fluctuations caused by renewable energy sources. The reactive power capability of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) like PV, Battery storage system and CombinedHeat and power generators has the potential to maintain the voltage in the distribution feeder. This paper presents a coordinated control algorithm to maintain the power balance within the subsystem while preserving the voltage constrains of the distribution network.
Smart Grid is expected to improve the reliability and efficiency while reducing the carbon footprint of energy sector. The incorporation of renewable generations at customer premises is a viable method to increase the renewable component of generation in Smart Grid. However, the random and intermittent nature of power generation is an inherent challenge for the operation of power grids with high penetration of renewable generation. Coordinating the operation of Distributed Energy Resources (DER) that includes controllable loads and storage too to achieve Virtual Power Plant (VPP) functionality has yielded amicable results in mitigating these fluctuations. This, in turn, could enable effective market participation by domestic consumers through an aggregator who can estimate the day's renewable generation pattern and coordinate the operation of DER to meet utility's Demand Response (DR) needs effectively. Such operation requires the exchange of significant volume of information between aggregator and consumers. By utilizing public data networks to exchange control and system information, the cost of implementing such operation could be reduced significantly. This paper reports the results of a cosimulation study that analyzed the feasibility of implementing VPP functionality through a coordinated control scheme implemented using a LTE network. Successful such implementations enable an aggregator to participate in a DR program that demands the control of active power flow in the distribution feeder. The simulation platform developed for this study comprises a real-time power system simulation set-up and a commercial LTE based communication network.
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