Out of fifty established Essential Ecosystem Area up to 2020, six are located on mangrove forest. To support the government target’s achievement of ecological representative protection, at once to enhance the conservation of coastal environment and resources, what has been initiated by Pertamina RU II Sungai Pakning, communities of seven coastal villages on Bukit Batu district, and various actors to rehabilitate and conserve the environment need to be supported through the improvement status as one of wetland type of Essential Ecosystem Area (EEA). Apart from its biological diversity and the carbon stock potentials, this 281.86 hectares of mangrove forest has been developed as an integrated coastal management site which is integrating coastal disaster risk mitigation, protection of mangrove-based biodiversity, wise utilization of wetland through inland aquaculture, education-purpose tourism, the environmental-based communities institutionalization, and as a coastal resources-based alternative livelihood. The result shows that Sungai Pakning Mangrove Forest meets the indication of the essential area from the uniqueness, biodiversity, existing governance, and utilization aspects. The improvement status as Essential Ecosystem Area expectedly also improve the quality of coastal management and promote the wider collaborative management, and encourage sustainable utilization by communities surround mangrove forest.
Birds are one of the most essential components to maintain the stabilization of the ecosystem. Mangroves are one of the most biologically diverse ecosystems providing shelter and feeding sites for many species, but mangrove habitats are under severe land-use pressure through the world including Indonesia. The aim of this study was to identify the diversity of birds and their association with vegetation in Mangrove Habitats of Teluk Bintuni Regency. In this study, we assessed bird species diversity within six mangrove habitats that are Weriagar, Tanah Merah, Irarutu, Amutu, Kalipotong, and Muara Retui. This research was conducted in March 2019 with the rapid assessment method. According to our estimate, there were 54 bird species with 28 families which were dominated by Laridae in all sites. Tanah Merah was the location that had the highest number of species diversity (H’2.95). It is caused by diverse vegetation in Tanah Merah. This information could be useful for sustainable development of mangrove habitats.
Plenty of mangrove rehabilitation programs have been implemented on the northern coast of Java, including in Karawang Regency, both by the community and private companies’ participation through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR). Over ten years, millions of mangrove plants have been planted. However, the results and impacts on the ecology and socio-economy have not been widely evaluated. An assessment and evaluation of the mangrove rehabilitation were carried out to determine the mangrove rehabilitation program’s results and effectiveness. This paper aims to determine rehabilitation’s condition and its impact on ecology and socio-economic surrounding the rehabilitation area. Mangrove rehabilitation activities at the northern coast of Karawang Regency have been provided new evidence that planting mangroves for rehabilitation purposes can not be seen as tree planting activities only. However, the impact and multiplier effects of its extraordinary benefits have not been paid much attention. Rehabilitation results have provided significant results, seen from the increase in the mangrove area, ecosystem quality, and positive impacts on ecology and significant socio-economic impacts indirect impacts, secondary impacts or cumulative impacts. It is necessary to develop and utilize rehabilitation results through a good socio-economic and institutional development approach to impact the community positively.
Until 2018, “aanslibbing” or channelbar at two coastal villages of Ujung Pangkah reached 4644,98 hectares with an average of 8-12 hectares per year increased. However, from satellite images, during the years of 2016-2018, this area declined by 115.87 hectares due to coastal abrasion.This research aims to analyze the landscape change and the occupation process of the channelbar until 2018 and identify the implication toward tenurial security and the sustainability of coastal environment of Ujung Pangkah, Gresik. The method used for the research were satellite image interpretation, groundcheck, and socio-juridical analysis related to social and juridical implication of the occupation of channelbar on two villages. The research showed that the occupation of channelbar in Ujung Pangkah implicated on two issues namely coastal landscape change including the loss of mangrove ecosystem due to pond extension and land conflict potential. In conclusion, the agrarian irregularity practice constitute an issue for the dynamic type of land existence like channelbar, therefore its tenurial security must be addressed as a priority issue for agrarian regulator in the region. Intisari: Hingga tahun 2018, “aanslibbing” atau “tanah timbul” di dua desa pesisir Ujung Pangkah mencapai 4644,98 hektar dengan rata-rata peningkatan luas lahan 8-12 hektar per tahun. Namun dari citra satelit pada periode 2016-2018 daerah ini mengalami penurunan luas hingga 115,87 hektar karena abrasi pantai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses perubahan lanskap dan penguasaan tanah timbul di Ujung Pangkah sampai tahun 2018 dan mengidentifikasi implikasinya terhadap keamanan tenurial dan keberlanjutan lingkungan pesisir di Ujung Pangkah, Gresik. Metode yang digunakan adalah interpretasi citra,groundcheck lahan dan analisis deskriptif sosiologis yuridis menyangkut implikasi-implikasi sosial dan hukum dari praktik penguasaan tanah timbul di dua desa tersebut. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa penggunaan “tanah timbul”di Ujung Pangkah berimplikasi pada dua hal, yaitu perubahan lanskap pantai termasuk hilangnya ekosistem mangrove untuk perluasan tambak, dan potensi konflik pertanahan maupun konsentrasi lahan.Sebagai kesimpulan,praktik iregularitas agraria merupakan satu masalah bagi jenis lahan yang eksistensinya dinamis seperti tanah timbul, maka kepastian tenurialnya harus mendapatkan prioritas perhatian oleh regulator pertanahan di daerah.
Coastal degradation can be determined as mangrove destruction and water quality degradation. Erosion and accretion are the impacts of mangrove destruction in coastal areas. Ecosystem condition and coastal environment destruction were analyzed in Tangerang coastal areas. Soil, mangrove vegetation, and water quality analysis were carried out in this study. Soil quality was analyzed descriptively. Mangrove vegetation and water quality were analyzed with the Important Value Index and STORET Index, respectively. The results indicated that the coastal of Tangerang is damaged both in terms of mangrove and water quality. The causal analysis showed that the damage to the coastal environment in Tangerang is largely influenced by the high amount of plastic, domestic, and industrial waste. Management recommendations that can be carried out on the coast of Tangerang are silvofishery management and mangrove planting right behind the wave breaker.
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