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The Ni 3p photoemission of ferromagnetic nickel shows a magnetic circular dichroism which is much larger than expected from the value of the bulk orbital moment. We argue that this can only be explained when the orbital moment at the surface is strongly enhanced as predicted recently by band structure calculations.

Spin-polarized inverse photoemission spectroscopy has been used to study the spin-dependent unoccupied electronic structure of nickel. Measurements involved the study of Ni͑110͒ in the ⌫Y azimuth. A k-dependent spin splitting with measured spectral values ranging from 113Ϯ20 meV to 337Ϯ51 meV has been resolved for a bulk sp-like band. These results are consistent with differential sp/d hybridization. Furthermore, an exchange splitting of 190Ϯ30 meV is detected for a Shockley surface state. The experimental observations are in good agreement with calculations employing one-step theory. ͓S0163-1829͑98͒02106-7͔

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