The use of microorganisms in the recovery of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) and Uranium (U) from low grade ores provides an appropriate eco-friendly alternative to chemical methods used in extraction and/or removal of metals from soils, with a higher efficiency, less destruction to the environment, and lower cost from a commercial view especially given that high-grade mineral resources that can be used in the chemical extraction of metals are being depleted. The feasibility of using actinomycetes to recover REEsand Ufrom a low-grade ore occurring in an Egyptian soil in Wadi Abu Thor, Sinai, Egypt, was investigated. The most effective isolate in REEs-bioleaching was Streptomyces fungicidicus YH04, while the most effective isolate in U-bioleaching was Streptomyces aureofaciens 3001(1). Streptomyces fungicidicus YH04 bioleached 37.13% of the REEs present in the sample, while S. aureofaciens 3001(1) bioleached of 12.56% of the U present in the sample. The isolated strains of actinomycetes can be used to extract REEs and U by better, more economic and less polluting bioleaching processes instead of the chemical processes which are in common use today.
Hydrocolloid gums are extensively used in food industry. Recently hydrocolloid gums especially Gum Arabic (GA) has been widely used as edible coatings to extent shelf life of postharvest fruits and vegetables. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of GA edible film application mixed with glycerol and CaCl2as base matrix with all GA films i.e. GA/EDTA,GA/L. paracasei supernatant and GA/EDTA /L. paracasei supernatant in preservation of potato tubers stored at 8°C and 30±5°C for 35 days. Physicochemical analyses including pH, weight loss percentage and total soluble solids percentage (TSS), as well as microbial analysis (total counts of bacteria, mold and yeast and Enterobacteriaceae).The obtained result revealed that the total microbial count was found that GA/EDTA/ L. paracasei supernatant gave a very close results to petroleum coating (wax) and the best results compared withnoncoated (control) tubers, this was evident through the lower microbial load, better results than other treatments and noncoated tubers such as reducing weight loss, total soluble solids, better control on pH and expansion of the shelf life.
The search of novel strains continues to be of great importance in research around the world for pharmaceutical, industrial, agricultural and biomining applications. The present study aims to investigating the microbial diversity of rock samples collected from Um Bogma formation, southwestern Sinai, Egypt which was chosen for its unique location, geological and physicochemical properties. The studied samples showed small microbial diversity and low microbial count. A total of ten isolates of actinobacteria and ten isolates of fungi were isolated and characterized phenotypically. The results indicated that all the isolated actinobacteria belong to the genus Streptomyces. They were all halotolerant with some showing antimicrobial activities when tested against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus. On the other hand, all the studied fungal isolates belong to the genus Aspergillus. They showed resistance to the antifungal nystatin when a concentration of 50 µg per ml was used. The studied locations is characterized by their harsh conditions which does not support the growth of most microorganisms which includes a temperature ranging from below 0°C at night to above 46°C throughout the day, low water content and organic matter hosting radioactive and heavy elements. Rock-dwelling microbial communities that survived such conditions open further
Pot experiment was carried out during May 2019 at private farm in el Manyial, Cairo, Egypt. The investigation target was to find out the difference between using plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (B. cereus, Streptomyces chibaensis, B. megaterium, B. polymyxa) either individual or in combination with each other and mineral fertilization on antimicrobial activity and some phytochemical constitutes of Moringa olifera leaves. The highest values of antimicrobial activity recorded for mineral fertilization on treatment followed by mixed biofertilization treatment (GP4) (B. megaterium, B. polymyxa) against seven foodborne pathogens Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Rhizopus stolonifer and Botrytis cinera, as compared with the control treatment. Biofertilization treatment (B. megaterium, B. polymyxa) recorded increasing over control in (GP10) by 160.8% and decreasing of chemical fertilization by 5.41% for polyphenol content, also, the antioxidant content shown increasing over the control (GP10) by 81.1% and decreasing of chemical fertilization (GP9) by 5.6% as well as vitamin C and A were increased with mineral and biofertilizer (GP4) treatments after 55 days. Biofertilization in (GP4) recorded increasing over control group (GP10) by 48.89%, 27.08% and 58% for vitamin A, C and chlorophyll respectively. Ethyl acetate extract was found to be most potent extract than ethanol and water against all tested microorganism.
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