BACKGROUND: Pectins have unique properties and great potential to become an indispensable component of cryoprotective environment for platelet freezing. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possibility of including pectins (apple pectin AU-701, tanacetan) into the composition of a cryoprotective solution for platelets during low-temperature storage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Samples of platelet concentrates (PC) were frozen under the protection of complex solutions and stored in an electric freezer at -80 °C for 1 and 6 months. RESULT: The study showed that of the basic cryoprotectants, the best effect in the preservation of PC was with dimethylacetamide (DMAC). The use of pectins as an additive to the base solution of DMAC statistically improves the preservation of PC after exposure to low temperatures (-80 ° C) for 30 and 180 days. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that DMAC is more promising as a basis for the development of a new combined cryoprotectant for PC freezing. Moreover, the chemical structure of pectin determines the level of its cryoprotective action in relation to the preservation of PC.
Aim. To evaluate the viability of mononuclear cells (MNCs) in leukocyte concentrates (LCs) at the stages of their preparation, freezing, and thawing.Materials and methods. The study material included 44 LCs from donors of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and 189 autologous LCs from patients with oncohematological disorders. LCs were obtained from donors and patients by leukocytapheresis after mobilization of HSCs. LCs from patients were frozen with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) used as a cryoprotectant at a final concentration of 5% and stored in liquid nitrogen. LCs were thawed before transplantation. A total of 161 LCs were immediately transfused to the recipient after thawing, and 28 LCs were washed from DMSO before transfusion. Flow cytofluorometry was used to determine the percentage of MNC populations that excluded 7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD).Results. The viability of peripheral blood MNCs in donors and patients was close to 100%. It was found that leukocytapheresis and cryopreservation with DMSO did not affect the viability of MNCs. The freezing of LCs with DMSO, storage in liquid nitrogen, and thawing resulted in a significant decrease in the content of viable MNCs (p = 0.0025), while no effect of LC storage duration on the viability of MNCs was revealed. Following DMSO removal from LCs, significantly more HSCs remained in a viable state than without washing (94.4 [94.5; 95.2] % vs. 86.7 [67.6; 92.9] %, (p = 0.0051); for other MNC populations, except monocytes, the differences in the viability index were also statistically significant.Conclusion. The viability of MNCs in LCs is recommended to be used as an independent characteristic of the transplant quality. In obtaining LCs and mixing them with the cryoprotectant DMSO, the viability of MNCs does not decrease, while in thawed LCs, it decreases significantly. Thawing of LCs with removal of DMSO allows to achieve the best viability of HSCs and most MNC populations.
Methods: Seventeen children from six centers throughout Turkey were enrolled in the study. Clinical data were retrieved from the medical records. Results:The median age at time of diagnosis of acute hepatisis was 8.9 years (min: 5-max:17). Search for etiology revealed highly positive CMV-DNA in one patient and HCV-RNA in one patient. One other patient was found to be positive for EBV, CMV and parvovirus DNA. Besides, one patient had the diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. The median time from diagnosis of hepatitis to diagnosis of aplastic anemia was 30 days (min:0-max:322). Pancytopenia was simultaneously present in 5 out of 17 (29%) patients. Liver transplantation due to acute fulminant hepatitis was performed in 5 patients (29%). Aplastic anemia developed before liver transplantation in two patients and after liver transplantation in three patients. In terms of treatment for aplastic anemia; 8 patients (47%) received immunsuppressive treatment (IST) with anti-thymocyte globulin and cyclosporine. HLA identical hematopetic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was performed in 5 patients (29%). Two patients who received IST later underwent HSCT. The median time from diagnosis of AA to IST and HSCT were 45 days (min:1-max:218) and 104 days (min:86max:1282), respectively. At the end; 9 out of 17 patients (52%) were alive, in remission and transfusion free. Those who were alive either received HSCT and/or IST, except one patient who received no treatment. Eight patients (48%) died mainly due to infectious causes. Summary/Conclusion: Although there have been limited number of patients in the present study, it was noteworthy that approximately onethird of patients presented with pancytopenia at the time of diagnosis of hepatitis. Further research is needed to investigate the effect of some etiological agents on the clinical outcome. The loss of patients who did not undergo IST and HSCT revealed once again the importance of initiating IST at the appropriate time together with donor search for HSCT in this group of patients.
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