The issue regarding formation of a values-based attitude towards creating a family among modern youth is acquiring special relevance, since changes in moral guidelines have led to the intensification of negative phenomena such as: liberalisation of sexual morality, an increased number of divorces, illegitimate births, single-parent families, and the spread of social orphanhood. Due to the fact that the family is currently perceived as a structural component of the development of individual socio-economic trends, the purpose of the paper is to assess the levels of values-based attitudes towards family creation among students. In the course of the study, the following methods were used: diagnostic (questionnaires, the method of sentence completion, testing), that made it possible to identify the levels of formation of the attitude towards family creation among students; a theoretical method of analysis that allows a comprehensive study of the reasons that complicate the process of forming a values-based attitude regarding family creation. The novelty of the study is determined by the fact that a student family is understood as a family in which both spouses are full-time students of a higher education institution, that is, homogeneous in social status of a man and a woman. This is a young family in which the spouses are no more than 28 years old, and the length of family life does not exceed 5 years. The paper indicates that student families are the most progressive, since spouses are ready to accept everything new -in the organisation of life, in the arrangement of the family structure, and the like. Material motives in choosing a spouse in such families play a secondary role, especially in relation to the requirements from a woman to a man. The materials of the paper are of practical value for experimental verification of pedagogical conditions for the family creation among students in extracurricular activities.
The strengthening of global integration processes necessitates the development of cross-border regions and the intensification of cross-border cooperation in the field of environmental management, which determines the relevance of this study. This issue is particularly relevant for the Arctic region, where the start of large-scale development of natural resources, development of territories and the creation of new transport routes require the development of environmental management principles that would ensure economic development, preservation of the lifestyle of indigenous people and the preservation of biodiversity. The article examines aspects of the legal characterization and regulation of natural resources’ treatment that are jointly owned or geographically located in two or more states. It is shown that political, social, sociological and economic prerequisites impose on the principles of such cooperation. Until now, the problem of joint management and use of natural resources and products of their processing remains unresolved. It is proposed to create interstate commissions, as well as concessions, as the basis for the development of natural resources’ joint use. The leading direction in the development of the situation is interstate cooperation on the biosphere’s conservation.
The paper deals with the analysis of specific parameters of reciprocal influence between man and the Arctic environment, the formulation of the theoretic provisions, as well as the development of the scientific conclusions regarding the definition of the perspectives and peculiarities of the Arctic Region environmental development under conditions of globalization and the world environmental crisis. As the results of the conducted research, the authors revealed and generalized the scientific approaches towards the definition of the legal status of the Arctic; stated the legal contents and the meaning of the basic environmental standards and programs of the international legislation regarding the Arctic Region; considered the spheres of influence of the states on the Arctic territory and on the environmental situation of this region in general; characterized the environmental conditions for living of the Arctic population; and defined the nature of the adverse anthropogenic effect on the environment of the investigated region. The analysis of the literature helped to formulate the theoretical conclusions, to develop the practical recommendations and to forecast the long-run perspectives and peculiarities of the Arctic environmental development. It is substantiated that the reciprocal influence between man and the environment in the territory of the Arctic Region moves towards a qualitatively new stage, which forces the states to adopt the strategical decisions in the sphere of the reclamation of the Arctic Region only considering the preservation of the ecosystem, provision of the proper living quality of the Arctic population, as well as the environmentalization of all the kinds of economic activities in the region. The paper contains the scientific substantiation and proposes the development of the Concept of Sustainable Development and Preservation of the Ecosystem for the Arctic Region, which will also include the monitoring system for the condition of the Arctic.
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