The cultural factor has always played an important role in the lives of peoples. The ethnic specificity of life developed over the centuries has been embodied in customs, language, family traditions, consciousness, psychology, and character. Their formation and development have always been accompanied by a significant transformation of stereotypes in the minds of a particular society. Accompanying on the whole path of sociocultural development, ethnic stereotypes are passed from generation to generation, becoming an element of ethnic consciousness in family relationships. Gender stereotypes are closely linked to gender roles. The formation and regulation of state policy on gender equality are carried out in accordance with the international obligations and legislation of each state. The differences in gender roles depend on the degree of masculinity or femininity of a culture. Each ethnic group has its own socio-cultural role adaptation to the family life. Different ethnic cultures have their own stereotypes about the family responsibilities of husband and wife, and marital relationships have national specifics. It is especially true of such a non-territorial nation, which is as widespread around the world as the Roma. The traditionalism and conservatism of their gender stereotypes hinder socialization and self-realization, especially for women who suffer from double discrimination on the basis of ethnicity and gender. Gender inequality and discrimination against Roma women remained an acute problem in various spheres of life and in the family in particular at the beginning of the third millennium. And since the Roma are a fairly closed ethnic group, the shifts in their consciousness of women's and men's roles and relationships are changing rather slowly. Consideration and comprehension of the essence of gender roles and stereotypes in relation to Roma woman, on the example of research by Ukrainian scholars, will allow to analyze the causes and consequences of gender issues of Roma, which also exist in other countries, and also, to offer the mechanisms for overcoming the negative phenomena and the ways of forming gender family relations of Roma, which are based on the idea of social equality and justice, stability of Roma woman self-realization, opportunities to live a full life based on their closed environment.
Purpose. Consider the subjunctive aspects of sociological support of the modern teacher formation process in the development context of the New Ukrainian School system. Theoretical basis. Theoretical basis is social and humanistic concepts of socio-philosophical, cultural, sociological, social and psychological approaches to the study of social factors in full Ukrainian school graduate adaptation in the broad context of socio-cultural realities. Scientific novelty. Based on the sociological design methodology and empirical research materials analysis of the educational and pedagogical environment state, an attempt has been made to identify the possibility of sociological procedures integration to identify the mutual influence of the educational process subjects in the modern school. Findings. It is summarized that such forms of modern teacher feedback on methods and work results as sociological assessment of stakeholder positions is an important aspect of supporting the new Ukrainian school development process. Based on the sociological assessment of priority mechanisms to improve the teaching efficiency, the respondents' qualification level as information network users and potential factors for improving their skills, the topical directions for increasing the productivity of using social networks for educational communication were identified.
The study analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on intercultural interactions. It considers the sociocultural mechanisms for ensuring cohesion and social solidarity in multicultural communities. The paper highlights the social contexts of the current problems of multicultural communities in overcoming intercultural barriers and the development of trust, social solidarity and cohesion. It reveals the direction of the main negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cohesion and development of social solidarity of multicultural communities. The successful international and domestic cases of counteraction of communities of intercultural cities against the COVID-19 pandemic are analyzed. The factors of development of social solidarity and cohesion of international and Ukrainian community in the conditions of pandemic are investigated. It has been found that social solidarity and cohesion of communities is an effective means of public counteraction to modern destructive factors and challenges. It is established that the communities of cities-participants of intercultural networks have developed effective mechanisms to maintain positive relations between people of different nationalities, religions, cultures and can serve as a positive example for other cities through the implementation of the model of ethnocultural diversity management.
The aim of the study was to provide a sociopolitical analysis of approaches and means to engage members of multicultural communities in active participation to counteract the effects of destructive ethnic rumors and build their own spaces for coexistence. The need for sociological research on the effects of rumors is highlighted by the importance of finding means to counteract their manipulative use for destructive purposes. The empirical research method used was a questionnaire survey with the aim of creating new opportunities for interaction between people of different backgrounds, for the sake of harmony and exchange of experiences and thus being able to establish partnerships between the cities participating in the Intercultural Cities Network of Ukraine (ICC-Ukraine). It is concluded that the research allows us to affirm the effectiveness of using the method of counteracting ethnic rumors "Antitumor" proposed by the program "Intercultural Cities" of the Council of Europe in Ukraine, as a systemic means of solving the problems of communicative interactions in multicultural communities.
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